Arguments from Observation

• The Appearance of Design: Inductive argument - persuade > prove, Dawkins - "the complex improbable appearance of design" 'The God Delusion'
• Paley's Argument: The Analogy of the Watch - watch = complex, has a designer, world = complex, must also have a designer (God). "Every manifestation of design that exists in the watch exists in nature."
• Anthropic Design Argument 1: Dyson - the universe knew humanity was coming - "many accidents of physics worked together to benefit us", so perfect it must've been finely tuned - goldfish tank with perfect living conditions , someone must've put it there and tuned it.
• Anthropic Design Argument 2: Davies, Goldilocks Enigma. Our chances of survival are so slim there must be a God to tune the universe 'just right'. If Big Bang different by 1 to 10(60) world would be uninhabitable. Makes more sense to belief it is God's design > pure chance
• Aquinas' Five Ways (3); 1 - Motion, 2 - Cause, 3 - Contingency. There are things which are in motion/caused/contingent, they require something to put them in that state, infinate regression is rejected, there must be a God to be the first of everything
• Criticisms: Hume - Like effects don't equal like causes (watchmaker doesn't equal worldmaker). Hume - No experience in world making - how do we know what it's like? Evolution explains complexity. We are fine-tuned, not the universe. A.J Ayer - limited experience