Photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.
• Chloroplasts are specialized structures found within plant cells that contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis.
• Water molecules (H2O) are also required during this process.
• Light energy from the sun is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into glucose (C6H12O6).
• Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through tiny pores called stomata.
• During photosynthesis, light energy is converted into chemical energy stored in organic compounds like carbohydrates.
• The overall equation for photosynthesis can be written as CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + O2, where CO2 represents carbon dioxide, H2O represents water, C6H12O6 represents glucose, and O2 represents oxygen.
• The equation for photosynthesis can be written as CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + O2.
• Inside the leaves, the water and minerals are distributed to different parts of the plant using phloem tissue.
• Plants absorb water and minerals from soil through their roots and transport them upwards towards the leaves via xylem vessels.
• Photosynthesis occurs in two stages - the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions.
• In the first stage, light energy is captured by chlorophyll and used to split water molecules into hydrogen atoms and oxygen gas.
• Photosynthesis occurs in plants, algae, and some bacteria.
• Plants use sunlight to make their own food during photosynthesis.
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy.
• Photosynthesis occurs inside chloroplasts within cells.
• Chlorophyll molecules capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy that plants use to grow.
• Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through stomata.
• The equation for photosynthesis is carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
• Light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids.
• The process involves carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air being taken up by leaves through tiny pores called stomata.
• Water (H2O) is absorbed by plant roots and transported to the leaves via xylem vessels.
• Water (H2O) is converted into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H+).
• Light energy is needed for photosynthesis to occur.
• The process of photosynthesis involves two stages - the light-dependent reactions (light absorption) and the light-independent reactions (carbon fixation).
• During this stage, light energy is absorbed by pigments such as chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy.
• Water is absorbed by plant roots from soil water.
• Light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H+).
• Glucose is used by the plant as an immediate source of energy or stored as starch for later use.
• The hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose (C6H12O6), releasing more oxygen as waste gas.
• Light-independent reactions take place in stroma.
• Oxygen is released from the leaves and diffuses out into the atmosphere.
• Water (H2O) splits into hydrogen atoms (H+) and electrons (-e-).
• Water (H2O) is also taken up by roots, transported around the plant, and released onto the surface of the leaves where it combines with CO2.
• Glucose (C6H12O6) is produced during photosynthesis using CO2 and H+.
• Energy from light is used to split H2O into O2 and H+.
• These hydrogen atoms are combined with CO2 to produce glucose.
• Photosystem II uses light energy to split water molecules into oxygen and protons.
• Chloroplasts are organelles found within plant cells that contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy.
• Electron carriers transfer electrons between different parts of the electron transport chain.