1.5 - Deoxyribose Sugar

• What type of sugar is deoxyribose?

  Pentose
• Why is deoxyribose called "deoxy"?

  It has one less oxygen atom than ribose
• What is the backbone of DNA made of?

  Deoxyribose sugar
• What distinguishes deoxyribose from ribose sugar?

  A hydroxyl group is replaced by a hydrogen
• How does the structure of deoxyribose contribute to DNA's stability?

  It lacks an oxygen atom, enhancing stability
• What are the key functions of deoxyribose in DNA?

  • Forms the backbone of DNA
  • Provides stability to the DNA structure
  • Supports the double helix form
• How does deoxyribose contribute to the stability of DNA?

  It resists degradation, protecting genetic information
• What is the difference between deoxyribose and ribose sugar in terms of oxygen atoms?


  Deoxyribose has one less oxygen atom
• What is the role of deoxyribose in the DNA molecule?

  It forms the backbone of the DNA molecule
• What are the differences between deoxyribose and ribose sugar?

  • Deoxyribose: One less oxygen atom
  • Ribose: One more oxygen atom
  • Deoxyribose: Forms DNA backbone
  • Ribose: Forms RNA backbone
• What molecule does deoxyribose form the backbone of?

  DNA
• What is the function of ribose sugar in genetic material?

  Forms the backbone of RNA
• How does the stability of DNA compare to RNA due to deoxyribose?

  DNA is more stable due to deoxyribose
• What is the name of the sugar molecule shown in the image?

  Deoxyribose sugar

  
• What are the key structural features of the deoxyribose sugar molecule?

  • Contains 5 carbon atoms
  • Has a hydroxyl (OH) group on the 3rd carbon
  • Lacks an hydroxyl group on the 2nd carbon (hence "deoxy")
  • Has a hydrogen atom instead of a hydroxyl group on the 2nd carbon

  
• What is the chemical formula for deoxyribose sugar?

  $C_5H_{10}O_4$

  
• How does the structure of deoxyribose sugar differ from ribose sugar?

  • Deoxyribose lacks a hydroxyl group on the 2nd carbon, while ribose has a hydroxyl group
  • This structural difference affects the role of each sugar in biological molecules (DNA vs RNA)

  
• What is the role of deoxyribose sugar in the structure of DNA?

  • Deoxyribose sugar forms the backbone of DNA molecules
  • It is covalently linked to phosphate groups and nitrogenous bases to create the DNA double helix structure