Bangladesh flooding

• What type of country is Bangladesh?

  Small, flat, low-lying country
• What percentage of Bangladesh is less than 6m above sea level?

  60%
• How do tides affect Bangladesh?

  Tides affect ⅓ of land area
• Where is Bangladesh located geographically?

  Where rivers Ganga, Jamuna, and Meghna meet
• What is the average gradient of the river in Bangladesh?

  6 cm/km
• How much area does Bangladesh drain compared to its own size?

  It drains an area of 12 times its size
• What is the frequency of floods and cyclones in Bangladesh?

  High frequency of floods and cyclones
• What is the population of Bangladesh?

  166 million
• What percentage of the population works in agriculture?

  47%
• What is the source of the Brahmaputra River?

  High plateau of Tibet
• What contributes to the Brahmaputra River's flow?

  Snowmelt and glacier melt
• What is the source of the Ganga River?

  Himalayas
• What is the Ganga plain known for?

  One of the largest lowland areas, intense cultivation
• What is the height of the Meghalaya hills?

  2500m
• What role do the Meghalaya hills play in relation to monsoon winds?

  Act as a barrier to monsoon winds
• What are some physical causes of flooding in Bangladesh?

  Heavy monsoon rains, snow and glacier melt
• What is a significant factor in river discharge during floods?

  High river discharge
• How does sediment transport contribute to flooding?

  Increases riverbed height, reduces capacity
• How does vegetation affect flooding?

  Absorbs water, reduces runoff
• How does topography influence flooding in Bangladesh?

  Flat topography increases flood risk
• What are some human causes of flooding in the Himalayas?

  Land use type and deforestation
• What human activities contribute to flooding in the Indian plains?

  Construction of embankments and structures
• What is the impact of the Farakka bridge on flooding?

  It affects river flow and sediment transport
• What are some human causes of flooding in Bangladesh floodplains?

  Roads, settlements, and impermeability of soils
• What is the effect of disappearing wetlands on flooding?

  Increases flood risk and runoff
• What happens to poorly banked embankments during floods?

  They are prone to breaching
• What was significant about the 1998 floods in Bangladesh?

  Longest lasting and most devastating floods
• What percentage of Bangladesh was affected by the 1998 floods?

  50%
• How long did the 1998 floods last?

  67 days
• How many people were affected by the 1998 floods?

  30 million
• How many deaths occurred due to the 1998 floods?

  1500 deaths
• What was the impact of the 1998 floods on rice productivity?

  2.2 million tons lost
• How many hectares of cultivated areas were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  1.5 million ha
• What was the financial loss in the livestock sector due to the 1998 floods?

  $500 million
• How many kilometers of roads were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  1500 km
• How many kilometers of embankments were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  4500 km
• How many bridges and culverts were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  Less than 20000
• How many villages were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  30000 villages
• How many houses were damaged in the 1998 floods?

  900000 houses
• What are the hard engineering management strategies for flooding in Bangladesh?

  • Build embankments
  • Construct raised flood and cyclone shelters
  • Plan dams
  • Build houses and roads on raised platforms
  • Construct levees for minor floods
  • Over 10000 km of levees