bioenergetics

• What is photosynthesis?

  Process by which plants make glucose
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  It is an endothermic reaction
• What is the equation for photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
• What is the chemical symbol for carbon dioxide?

  CO​2
• What is the chemical symbol for water?

  H​2​O
• What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?

  O​2
• What is the chemical formula for glucose?

  C​6​H​12​O​6
• What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  • Temperature
  • Light intensity
  • Carbon dioxide concentration
  • Amount of chlorophyll
• How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Rate increases until enzymes denature
• How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Higher light intensity increases the rate
• What is the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on photosynthesis?

  Higher concentration increases the rate
• Why is chlorophyll important for photosynthesis?

  It converts light energy to food
• What happens if chlorophyll levels are reduced?

  The rate of photosynthesis decreases
• What are the uses of glucose produced in photosynthesis?

  • To produce fat or oil for storage
  • To produce cellulose for cell walls
  • To form amino acids with nitrates for proteins
• What is respiration?

  Process of transferring energy from glucose
• What type of reaction is respiration?

  It is an exothermic reaction
• What are the two types of respiration?

  Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• What is aerobic respiration?

  Respiration that uses oxygen
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration that occurs without oxygen
• What is the main product of aerobic respiration?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

  C​6​H​12​O​6​ + O​2​ → CO​2​ + H​2​O
• What happens during anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Glucose is converted to lactic acid
• What happens during anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  Glucose is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is oxygen debt?

  Extra oxygen needed to break down lactic acid
• What happens to lactic acid after exercise?

  It is transported to the liver to convert back to glucose
• What is metabolism?

  Sum of all reactions in a cell or body
• What processes use energy transferred by respiration?

  Processes of metabolism to make new molecules
• How can you measure the rate of photosynthesis?

  By measuring oxygen production of a plant
• What is the setup for measuring oxygen production in photosynthesis?

  Pondweed in water with a capillary tube
• What is the role of the lamp in the experiment?

  It provides light for photosynthesis
• Why is it important to control variables in the experiment?

  To ensure a valid experiment
• What is a limiting factor in photosynthesis?

  An environmental condition restricting the rate
• How can a graph show limiting factors in photosynthesis?

  By leveling off when a factor is limited
• What does a graph with two lines represent?

  Two limiting factors in two experiments