Paper 2 WALKTHROUGH

• What topics does AQA GCSE Physics Paper 2 cover?

  Forces, waves, magnetism, and space
• What is a force?

  A push or pull on an object
• What are the two types of forces?

  Contact forces and non-contact forces
• What is the significance of vectors in forces?

  They show direction and magnitude of forces
• How do you find the resultant force when two forces act on an object?

  Add the vectors, considering direction
• If two forces of 5 N and 2 N act in opposite directions, what is the resultant force?

  3 N to the right
• How do you calculate the resultant force of two perpendicular vectors?

  Use Pythagoras' theorem
• What does it mean if forces are balanced?

  The object will not accelerate
• What is Newton's first law of motion?

  An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon
• What is a scalar quantity?

  A quantity with magnitude only
• What is weight?

  The force due to gravity on an object
• How is weight calculated?

  Weight = mass × gravitational field strength
• What is the gravitational field strength on Earth?

  9.8 N/kg
• What happens when you lift an object at constant speed?

  You must apply a force equal to its weight
• What is the equation for work done?

  Work done = force × distance moved
• What is gravitational potential energy (GPE)?

  Energy gained when an object is lifted
• How is GPE calculated?

  GPE = mass × gravitational field strength × height
• What does Hooke's Law state?

  Force = spring constant × extension
• What is the unit for spring constant?

  Newtons per meter (N/m)
• What does it mean for force and extension to be directly proportional?

  Doubling force doubles the extension
• What is the energy stored in a spring formula?

  Energy = ½ × k × e²
• What is a moment in physics?

  A turning force around a pivot
• How is moment calculated?

  Moment = force × distance to pivot
• What is pressure?

  Force applied per unit area
• What is the unit for pressure?

  Newtons per square meter (N/m²)
• How does pressure change with depth in water?

  Pressure increases with greater depth
• How is pressure in a fluid calculated?

  Pressure = height × density × gravitational field strength
• What is the density of water?

  1,000 kg/m³
• What causes gas pressure?

  Collisions of gas particles with surfaces
• How can gas pressure be increased?

  Add more gas, reduce volume, or raise temperature
• What happens to atmospheric pressure with altitude?

  Pressure decreases with higher altitude
• How is speed measured?

  In meters per second (m/s)
• What is the difference between speed and velocity?

  Velocity includes direction; speed does not
• How is speed calculated?

  Speed = distance / time
• What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?

  The speed or velocity of an object
• How do you find acceleration from a speed-time graph?

  Calculate the gradient of the graph
• What is the unit of acceleration?

  m/s²
• What does a negative gradient on a speed-time graph indicate?

  The object is decelerating
• What is the acceleration of a falling object?

  9.8 m/s²
• How can you find the distance traveled from a velocity-time graph?

  Calculate the area under the graph