the armada

• What was the nickname given to Drake's attack on Cadiz?

  'Singeing the King of Spain's beard'
• What were the religious motives behind Philip II's launch of the Spanish Armada?

  To restore Catholicism in England
• Why was Drake's attack on Cadiz significant?

  It delayed the Spanish Armada's preparations
• What was Philip II's strategy for the Armada's invasion of England?

  To transport troops from the Netherlands to Kent
• Why was control of the English Channel vital for the Spanish invasion?

  To transport troops to England successfully
• What was one reason the Spanish Armada was a threat to Elizabeth?

  It could lead to her losing the throne
• What were the key events during the Spanish Armada's journey in 1588?

  1. Armada spotted in the English Channel
  2. Battle of Plymouth: two Spanish ships captured
  3. Battle of the Isle of Wight: Spanish outgunned
  4. Battle of Gravelines: fireships cause panic
  5. Spanish retreat into the North Sea
• What communication problems did the Spanish Armada face?

  No communication between commanders and ports
• How did English ships differ from Spanish ships in terms of armament?

  English cannons could be fired more quickly
• What caused low morale among the Spanish fleet during the Armada?

  Rotting food supplies on long voyage
• What were the reasons for the English victory over the Spanish Armada?

  • Superior English tactics and ship design
  • Use of fireships at Gravelines
  • Gale force winds damaging Spanish ships
  • Spanish panic during battles
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Gravelines?

  Spanish ships panicked and drifted
• What were the consequences of the English victory over the Spanish Armada for Spain?

  Major military and financial setback for Spain
• What were the consequences of the English victory for England?

  • Strengthened Elizabeth's position as queen
  • Increased national pride and unity
  • Encouraged challenges to Spanish power