Neck fascia, lateral region, carotid triangle

• Neck Boundaries Landmarks Regions
• Subcutaneous layer
• Platysma
• V. jugularis anterior
• V. jugularis externa
• Retro mandibular vein posterior division
• Posterior auricular vein
• Pl. cervicalis
• Punctum nervosum (Erb)
• N. occipitalis minor
• N. auricularis magnus
• N. transversus colli
• Nn. supraclaviculares
• Cervical plexus
• Cutaneous (4 branches)
• Great auricular nerve (C2,C3) - skin near auricle, external acoustic meatus
• Transverse cervical nerve (C2,C3) - anterior region of neck
• Lesser occipital (C2) - skin and scalp posterosuperior to the auricle
• Supraclavicular nerves (C3,C4) - skin above and below the clavicle
• Muscular
• Ansa cervicalis (C1 - C3) - geniohyoid (C1), thyrohyoid (C1), sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid
• Phrenic (C3 - C5 (primarily C4)) - diaphragm and the pericardium
• Segmental branches (C1 - C4) - anterior and middle scalenes
• Two branches from the posterior roots of spinal nerves:
• Preauricular nerve (from the posterior roots of C2 – C3)
• Postauricular nerve (from the posterior roots of C3 – C4)
• Attachments of the cervical fascia
• Above - external occipital protuberance, mastoid process, external acoustic meatus, base of the mandible
• Below - spine of scapula, acromion process, clavicle, manubrium sterni
• Front - hyoid bone & continuous with the fascia of the opposite side
• Behind - 7th cervical vertebra, ligamentum nuchae
• Investing layer
• Encloses 2 muscles - trapezius & sternocleidomastoid
• Encloses 2 glands - parotid & submandibular salivary gland
• Encloses 2 spaces - suprasternal space & supraclavicular space
• Neck fascia
• Lamina superficialis
• Covers entire neck
• Fascia masseterica
• Fascia parotidea