ENZYMOLOGY PT2

• What is the largest internal organ?

  Liver
• The liver weighs about how much?

  1.2-1.5 kg
• The liver is divided by the what?

  Falciparum ligament
• What are the two types of cells in the liver?

  Hepatocytes and Kupffer cells
• What liver cells have regenerative properties?

  Hepatocytes
• What liver cells have macrophagic properties?

  Kupffer cells.
• This liver enzyme liberates inorganic phosphate from an organic ester with the concomitant production of alcohol. ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE.
• Alkaline Phosphatase is also known as what?

  Alkaline Orthophosphoric Monoester Phosphohydrolase
• What are the activators of Alkaline Phosphatase?

  Magnesium and Manganese
• The optimum pH of alkaline phosphatase?

  9.0-10.5
• Alkaline Phosphatase is non-specific. TRUE or FALSE?

  TRUE
• Alkaline Phosphatase is elevated in:

  • Osteoblastic activity in kids during growth
  • >50 years old
  • Pregnancy (16-18 weeks)
• ALP Methods in Electrophoresis (in order from fastest to slowest)

  1. Liver
  2. Bone
  3. Placental
  4. Intestinal
  5. Regan
  6. Nagao
• ALP Methods in Heat Stability (in order from most to least stable)

  1. Placental
  2. Intestinal
  3. Liver
  4. Bone
• These two isoenzymes are abnormal in ALP, usually found in carcino-placental ALP. Regan and Nagao
• These two isoenzymes usually race each other on who is faster on the ALP Electrophoresis method. Placental and Intestinal
• This ALP chemical inhibition method isoenzyme inhibits Placental, Intestinal, and Regan?

  Phenylalanine
• This ALP chemical inhibition method isoenzyme inhibits Bone ALP?

  3M urea
• This ALP chemical inhibition method isoenzyme inhibits Nagao?

  L-leucine
• This ALP chemical inhibition method isoenzyme inhibits Liver and Bone ALP?

  Levamisole
• Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) is also known as?

  Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT)
• Its main function is to transfer amino group between aspartate and alphaketoacids resulting to oxaloacetate and glutamate. ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE
• AST in AMI:

  • elevates in 6-8 hrs
  • peaks at 24 hrs
  • normalizes in 5 days
• AST method that utilizes malate dehydrogenase to monitor change in absorbance at 340 nm?

  Karmen Method
• The pH used in Karmen Method (AST Method)?

  7.3-7.8
• Give me two AST methods.

  • Karmen Method
  • Reitman Frankel
• Phenylalanine inhibitis what?

  • placental
  • intestinal
  • regan
• 3M urea inhibits what?

  Bone
• L-leucine inhibits what?

  Nagao
• Levamisole inhibits what?

  Liver and Bone
• what is the substrate of bodansky, shinowara, jones, and reinhart?

  B-glycerophosphate
• What is the substrate of King Armstrong?

  P-nitrophenylhosphate
• what is the product of king arsmtrong?

  P-nitrophenol
• AST transfers amino groups between aspartate and alpha-ketoacids resulting to oxaloacetate and glutamate.
• What AST method utilizes malate dehydrogenase?

  Karmen Method
• what is the pH for Karmen Method?

  7.3-7.8
• What does karmen method utilize?

  Malate dehydrogenase
• This enzyme is more specific than AST. ALT
• what is another name for Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)?

  Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT)
• ALT needs a coenzyme. VITAMIN B6