DNA

• The structure of DNA consists of two strands twisted together into a double helix, with nucleotides forming rungs on the ladder-like structure.
• Each nucleotide has three parts: a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).
• DNA is made up of four different types of nucleotide bases - adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
• DNA is the genetic material that contains instructions to make proteins.
• In DNA, A always pairs with T, while C always pairs with G.
• DNA is made up of long chains of nucleotides that form a double helix shape.
• DNA is double-stranded and is only found in the nucleus, where it stores genetic information. it replicates for cell division and contains the base Thymine
• our dna contains almost 3000 genes that control the production of proteins (polypeptides)
• contains a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose
• only has one form: double helix. and only found in the nucleus
• Genes are the basic units of heredity and are located on chromosomes.
• dna replication is the process of creating an exact copy of a molecule of dna (2 dna molecules are made form one strand of initial dna)
• in the cell cycle, dna replication occurs during S phase of interphase
• during dna replication, the double stranded molecule unwinds (flattens out) and then unzips (hydrogen bonds between bases are broken) into two separate parent strands
• dna must replicate to replace old and damaged cells
• a dna strand is made up of nucleotides, each of which contain a sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base