Chapter 2

• What are the five sets of DRI standards?

  Estimated average requirements (EAR)

  Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)

  Adequate Intakes (AI)

  Upper intake levels (UL)

  Estimated Energy Requirements (EER)
• EAR

  Daily nutrient intake amounts estimated to meet the needs of HALF of the people.
• RDA

  Nutrient intake amounts sufficient to meet needs of nearly ALL individuals
• Adequate intakes

  Intake amounts set for nutrients in which there is insufficient research
• Upper Levels

  Max intake amounts of nutrients
• EER

  average daily energy need for each life-stage group
• Nutrient Density

  tool assessing nutritional quality of an individual food
• ”empty calorie“ foods

  High in sugar/fat

  not nutrient dense

  (chips, cookies)
• Daily Values (DVs)

  Generic standards developed by FDA
• Reference Daily Intakes (RDI)

  vitamins and most minerals
• Daily reference values (DRV)

  Energy producing nutrients

  (cholesterol/sodium)
• Nutrition Facts must include

  Added sugar

  vitamin D

  Potassium

  Calcium

  Iron
• Claims on food labels MUST comply with FDA

  Nutrient content claims

  Health claims

  Structure/function claims
• Nutrient Context Claims

  Nutrients in food
• Health claims

  Relationship between disease and nutrient
• Structure/function claims

  Nutrient affects body structure or function
• Calorie free

  Less than 5kcal per serving
• Fat free

  Less than 0.5 fat per serving
• Low fat

  3g or less per serving
• Lean

  Less than 10g total fat
• Low Cholesterol

  20 mg or less cholesterol; 2 g less saturated fat
• Sugar free

  Less than 0.5 sugar per serving
• Low sodium

  140 mg or less sodium per serving
• energy dense foods

  High in calories but weigh very little (nuts, cookies, snack foods)
• Low-energy dense foods

  Large amounts of water and few calories (fruits, vegetable, oatmeal)
• Who publishes dietary guidelines

  USDA (and HHS)
• Eating patterns

  Combination of foods and drinks person eats
• Myplate is meant for

  Balancing calories

  foods to increase

  foods to decrease
• How many groups does my plate have

  5 groups

  fruit

  vegetables

  grains

  protein

  dairy
• Oils

  Essential fatty acids