𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐡 ‧𓍢ִ໋☕ ׂ 𓈒 ⋆ ۪

• STATISTICS deals with the organization and interpretation of data
• COLLECTION OF DATA - obtaining information
• ORGANIZATION OF DATA - presenting the data into tables
• ANALYSIS OF DATA - extracting relevant information
• INTERPRETATION OF DATA - drawing conclusions from the analyzed data
• DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS - describes the properties and characteristics of data; deals with presentation & collection of data
• INFERENTIAL STATISTICS - drawing the right conclusions from the statistical analysis
• DATA - any quantitative or qualitative information
• QUANTITATIVE DATA - numbers
• QUALITATIVE DATA - quality; description
• POPULATION - totality of all the elements/persons
• SAMPLE - part of a population; denoted as n
• PARAMETER - statistical information/attribute taken from a population
• STATISTIC - estimate of statistical attributes taken from a sample
• VARIABLE - specific factor, property, or characteristic of a population
• DISCRETE VARIABLE - obtained by counting
• CONTINUOUS VARIABLE - obtained by measuring an object or attributes
• NOMINAL MEASUREMENT - category/classification
• ORDINAL MEASUREMENT - order/rankings
• INTERVAL MEASUREMENT - interval from zero
• RATIO - importance of zero
• nominal - gender\
• ordinal - education level/academic ranking
• interval - age, temperature
• ratio - length, temperature in Kelvin
• PROBABILITY SAMPLING - given an equal chance of being selected
• RANDOM SAMPLING - done by lottery/table of random numbers
• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING - done with a regular interval (every nth element)
• STRATIFIED SAMPLING - creating different classes/strata
• CLUSTER SAMPLING - dividing populations geographically
• NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING - not every element is given an equal chance of being selected
• CONVENIENCE SAMPLING - researchers' convenience is the primary concern
• QUOTA SAMPLING - researcher decides the selection of sampling based on some quota
• PURPOSIVE SAMPLING - researcher decides the selection of sampling based on units' characteristics