Physics Paper 2

• What is a Scalar Quantity?

  Consists of Magnitude only
• What is a vector quality?

  Consists of Magnitude and direction
• What is a contact force?

  When two objects are physically touching
• What is a non-contact force?

  When two objects are physically separated
• What is a force?

  A push or pull that acts on an object
• What is a resultant force?

  A single force that has the same effect as all the original forces acting together
• What is elastic deformation

  When a object returns to its original length or shape when we take away the forces acting on them
• What is inelastic deformation

  When objects do no return to their original length when the forces are removed
• What is Distance?

  How far an object moves (scalar quantity)
• What is Displacement

  Distance from start point to end point with direction (Vector Quantity)
• What is acceleration

  Change in velocity over a given time
• What is Newtons first law of motion (Stationary objects)

  If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero than the object will remain stationary
• What is newtons first law of motion (Moving objects)

  If the resultant force on a moving object is zero than the object will continue moving in the same direction at the same speed.
• What is Newtons second law of motion

  An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass.
• What is Newtons third law of motion

  Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
• What is inertia

  An object will stay stationary or continue moving at the same self in the same direction unless a resultant force is applied
• What is the stopping distance

  The total distance travelled from when the driver first spots the obstruction to when the car stops
• What is the thinking distance

  The distance travelled by a car during the drivers reaction time
• What is the reaction time?

  The time taken for the driver to spot the obstruction and make a decision
• What is the braking distance

  The distance the car travels from when he driver applies the brakes to when the car stops
• What is the reaction time of a human

  0.2-0.9 seconds
• What factors may decrease reaction time

  Drugs and Alcohol
• What factors affect Braking Distance

  Icy conditions, as friction is reduced between the tires and the road
• What is the relationship between speed and braking force

  The greater the speed, the greater the braking force needed to stop the car in a certain distance
• What will a large braking force do

  A large braking force will cause the car to decelerate rapidly and a large amount of kinetic energy is transformed to thermal energy in the brakes
• Momentum

  All moving objects have momentum
• What is the momentum for an object that is not moving

  Zero
• What is the conservation of momentum

  In a closed system the total momentum before is equal to the total momentum after an event
• What are oscillations like in transverse waves?

  Oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
• What are oscillations like in longitudinal waves?

  Oscillations are parallel to the direction of Energy Transfer
• Frequency

  The number of waves passing a point each second
• What type of waves are electromagnetic waves?

  Transverse waves
• What is the trend in electromagnetic waves

  They go from a low frequency and low wavelength to a high frequency and high wavelength
• What is the acronym to remember the electromagnetic waves

  Raw meat is very unsanitary except giraffe
• What happens when a light wave shines on a black surface

  The light wave is absorbed
• What happens when a lightwave shines on a shiny surface

  The light wave is reflected
• What is a permanent magnet

  A magnet that always has a magnetic field
• What is an induced magnet

  An induced magnet is a material that becomes a magnet when placed in a magnetic field
• Which metals and alloys are magnetic?

  Steel, Iron, Cobalt, Nickel
• What direction are the arrows in a magnetic field

  From north to south