Biology : Chapter 1

• Chloroplasts


  It contains chlorophyll which is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants make food.
• Ribosomes


  The site of protein synthesis
• Mitochondria


  Site of aerobic respiration

  Aerobic respiration: They break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy for cellular activities
• Vacuole


  Stores substances within the cell

  In plant cell: usually has one large central vacuole that consists of substances such as sugars, mineral salts and amino acids

  In animal cell: usually has numerous small vacuoles that store water and food substances, exist temporarily
• Nucleus

  It controls cell activities such as cell growth and the repair of worn-out parts

  It is essential for cell division
• Cytoplasm

  The site where cellular activities take place.
• Cell wall


  A fully permeable membrane that protects the cell from injury and gives it a fixed shape.
• Cell membrane


  A partially permeable membrane that only lets small and soluble substances pass through it.