natsci

• Science is a systematic study of anything that can be examined, tested, and verified
• The term "science" comes from the Latin word "scientia", meaning "to know"
• Branches of science investigate almost everything that can be observed or detected
• Science shapes the way we understand the universe, our planet, ourselves, and other living things
• Science is not just a list of "facts", but it uses observations, questions, and experiments to explain the natural world
• Science is an objective, logical, and repeatable attempt to understand the principles and forces
• Mathematical Science investigates the relationships between things that can be measured or quantified in either a real or abstract form
• Physical Science investigates the nature and behavior of matter and energy on a vast range of sizes and scales
• Earth Sciences examine the structure and composition of our planet, and the physical processes that have helped to shape it (e.g., meteorology)
• Social Sciences explore human society past and present, and the way human beings behave
• Technology puts scientific knowledge to practical ends
• Life Sciences / Biology is the general study of the origin, development, structure, function, evolution, and distribution of living things
• Energy is a unifying theme in biology as organisms require energy to grow and reproduce
• Evolution explains the inherited similarities and the diversity in all forms of life
• Stability in biological systems tends to achieve a stable equilibrium
• Systems and interactions in biology include ecosystems where communities of organisms interact with the environment
• Unity and diversity in biology show that organisms may differ in appearance and organization but display certain similarities to other organisms
• The Scientific Method is a logical and rational order of steps by which scientists come to conclusions about the world
• A Theory is a widely accepted explanation of natural phenomena that has been repeatedly tested with little modification
• A Law is a statement of what always occurs under certain conditions, one of the fundamental underlying principles of how the universe is organized
• Life is recognized by what living things can do, known as biological properties
• Characteristics of life include cellular organization, energy use and metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, growth & development, irritability, and adaptability
• Cellular organization: All living things are made of cells, which are the basic unit of life with a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA
• Energy use and metabolism involve all living things using energy to grow and transport energy within cells
• Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal conditions in living things
• Reproduction, growth & development involve the transfer of genetic information, increase or change in size, and mental maturity
• Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent through methods like budding, binary fission, fragmentation, spore formation, and vegetative propagation
• Sexual reproduction involves two parents contributing genetic information to produce unique offspring through sperm and egg cells
• Irritability is the immediate response to a stimulus, while adaptability is an inherited behavior or characteristic that enables an organism to survive and reproduce
• The origin of life has been theorized through different theories including Special Creation, Spontaneous Generation, Cosmozoic or Interplanetary Theory, Chemical Evolution, and Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Theory