SCIENCE

• Cone -is the most striking part of the volcano, it is usually composed of mixtures of lava and pyroclastic
• 2. Vent -the opening through which an eruption takes place.
• 3. Magma chamber -the large underground pool of liquid rock found beneath the Earth's crust.
• Crater - a basin-like depression over a vent at the summit of the cone
• Caldera - a volcanic depression much larger than the original crater. Calderas can be created when a volcano collapses due to a vacated magma chamber.
• 6. Lava - the rock or magma expelled from a volcano during eruption.
• Dikes - the barrier or obstacles in a volcano.
• Sills -otherwise known as intrusive sheets, are solidified lava flows that originally forced their way between and parallel to older layers of rock
• Conduit -a channel or pipe conveying liquid materials such as magma
• Summit -the highest point or apex of a volcano
• Throat -the entrance of a volcano
• Ash cloud - expelled in the atmosphere; volcanic ash or ash cloud is composed of pulverized rock and glads create during eruption
• Volcanic bombs - the chunks of lava blasted into the air which solidify before reaching the ground
• Pyroclastic flow -are fast moving currents of hot gases and rock traveling downhill from a volcano
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  SHIELD VOLCANOES -are formed by the accumulation of lava that oozes out of the volcano Example: Mauna Loa (Hawaii), the largest shield volcano and world's most active
• CINDER CONES (Scoria cones) -are built from ejected lava fragments, have a steep slope, wide crater and are themost abundant of the three major volcano types.Example: Paricutin volcano (Mexico) and Cerro Negro (Nicaragua)
• COMPOSITE CONES (Stratovolcano) - large, nearly perfect sloped structure formed from alternate solidification of

  both lava and pyroclastic deposits Example: Mayon volcano (Philippines)
• Flank - the side of the volcano
• Lahar - also called

  mudflows; are flowing mixture of volcanic debris and water

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