pathogens and diseases

• measles - virus

  • spread - droplets from sneezes and coughs
  • effect - can be fatal
  • prevent - vaccinate children
• HIV - virus

  • spread - sexual contact, needle exchange
  • effect - damages wbc
  • prevent - antiretroviral drugs
• TMV - virus

  • spread - direct contact
  • effect - mottling leaves, reduces photosynthesis
  • prevention - none
• salmonella - bacteria

  • spread - infected food
  • effect - fever, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, vomiting
  • prevent - vaccinate chickens
• gonorrhoea - bacteria

  • spread - sexual contact
  • effect - discharge from penis/vagina, pain when urinating
  • prevent - controlled by antibiotics, spread prevented by condoms
• RBS - fungus

  • spread - spores carried by water and wind
  • effect - leaves turn yellow, fall early, photosynthesis reduced
  • prevent - treated by fungicides or destroying affected leaves
• malaria - protist

  • spread - mosquitos
  • effect - fever, can be fatal
  • prevent - prevent mosquitos from breeding, use mosquito nets