9.11 Migrations Within and to Europe Since 1945

• What were the main drivers of migration to Europe after World War II?

  Labor shortages and colonial ties
• Key recipient countries of migrants after World War II included Germany, France, and the United Kingdom
• The Cold War influenced post-WWII migration patterns in Europe.
• What are push factors in migration?

  Reasons to leave home
• Economic hardship, such as lack of jobs and low wages, is a key push factor that drives migration from Eastern Europe to Western Europe for work
• Environmental factors are considered push factors in migration.
• Which civil war led to forced displacement and asylum seeking in Europe?

  Yugoslav Wars
• Religious, ethnic, or political persecution is a push factor that leads individuals to seek protection in Europe
• What were example migration routes after World War II?

  North Africa to France
• Family reunification policies influenced post-WWII migration patterns in Europe.
• Pull factors are conditions in a destination that attract migrants
• Why did Western Europe attract labor migrants after World War II?

  Labor shortages
• Family connections are considered a pull factor in migration.
• What were the primary influences on major migration flows in post-WWII Europe?

  Push and pull factors
• One key migration route after World War II was from Turkey to Germany
• Order the following migration routes by their primary destinations:

  1️⃣ North Africa to France

  2️⃣ Turkey to Germany

  3️⃣ Former British colonies to UK
• What are the two main types of factors influencing post-WWII European migration flows?

  Push and pull factors
• Match the migration route with its push and pull factors:

  North Africa to France ↔️ Economic hardship, colonial ties

  Turkey to Germany ↔️ Economic hardship, labor shortages

  Former British colonies to UK ↔️ Political instability, family connections
• Post-WWII migrations were shaped by factors such as labor shortages and the Cold War
• Many Turks migrated to Germany due to labor shortages and economic opportunities.
• What were the key factors driving migrations to Europe after World War II?

  Labor shortages, colonial ties, asylum
• Match the migration factor with its example:

  Labor shortages ↔️ German guest worker program

  Colonial ties ↔️ Algerians migrating to France

  Economic opportunities ↔️ Turks moving to Germany

  Asylum ↔️ Balkan refugees in Western Europe
• The Cold War influenced migration patterns by shaping labor needs and asylum policies
• What are push factors in migration after World War II?

  Conditions compelling people to leave
• Match the push factor with its example:

  Economic hardship ↔️ Migrants from Eastern Europe to Western Europe

  Political instability ↔️ Refugees from the Balkans

  Persecution ↔️ Kurdish asylum seekers from Iraq

  Environmental factors ↔️ Bangladeshis migrating due to sea levels
• Push factors influenced both intra-European movements and immigration from other continents.
• What are pull factors in migration after World War II?

  Conditions attracting people to Europe
• Match the pull factor with its example:

  Jobs and wages ↔️ Post-WWII labor shortages in Germany

  Social stability ↔️ Asylum seekers from conflict zones

  Educational institutions ↔️ International students from Asia

  Family connections ↔️ Family reunification programs
• Post-WWII labor shortages drew migrants to Germany and France
• What is an example of a migration route influenced by push and pull factors after World War II?

  North Africa to France
• Match the impact of migration with its example:

  Increased labor force ↔️ Guest workers in Germany

  Cultural enrichment ↔️ European cuisine influenced by immigrants

  Policy changes ↔️ Stricter border controls
• Comprehensive policies are needed to manage migration effectively and promote social cohesion.
• What are the two primary approaches to how migrants adapt to new societies?

  Integration and assimilation
• Integration allows migrants to maintain their original culture while adopting aspects of the new society
• Assimilation requires migrants to completely adopt the new culture at the expense of their original one.
• Match the integration challenge with its example:

  Language barriers ↔️ Migrants struggling to find employment

  Cultural differences ↔️ Misunderstandings between immigrants and natives

  Economic hurdles ↔️ Migrants taking low-paying jobs
• Which countries were major destinations for migrants after World War II?

  Germany, France, and the UK
• Match the migration driver with its description and example:

  Labor shortages ↔️ Need for workers post-war, Turkey to Germany

  Colonial ties ↔️ Historical connections, North Africa to France

  Economic opportunities ↔️ Expanding economies, Former British colonies to UK
• What were the key recipient countries of migration in post-World War II Europe?

  Germany, France, UK
• Labor shortages in Germany led to migration from Turkey