6.3.3 Sound Waves

• What type of waves are sound waves?

  Longitudinal
• Sound waves require a medium to travel through.
• Sound waves consist of areas of compression and rarefaction
• The frequency of a sound wave determines its loudness.

  False
• What does $f$ represent in the equation $v =$$fλ$?


  Frequency
• The wavelength of a sound wave is represented by the symbol λ
• Compression in a sound wave refers to areas of high pressure.
• Order the steps in how sound waves propagate through a medium.

  1️⃣ Sound waves are produced by vibrations

  2️⃣ Vibrations create compressions and rarefactions

  3️⃣ Energy is transferred to neighboring particles

  4️⃣ The wave travels in the direction of propagation
• What are the two types of areas in sound waves?

  Compression and rarefaction
• Sound waves can travel through a vacuum.

  False
• Match the characteristics with compression or rarefaction:

  Pressure ↔️ High in compression, low in rarefaction

  Particle Spacing ↔️ Dense in compression, sparse in rarefaction
• What does the frequency of a sound wave determine?

  Pitch
• The speed of sound is given by the equation $v =$$fλ$, where $v$ is speed, $f$ is frequency, and $λ$ is wavelength
• Order the three primary properties of sound waves based on their determining factors.

  1️⃣ Pitch: Frequency

  2️⃣ Loudness: Amplitude

  3️⃣ Speed: Medium
• What unit is used to measure the loudness of sound waves?

  Decibels (dB)
• The speed of sound is constant in all media.

  False
• The speed of sound is calculated using the equation $v =$$fλ$, where $v$ is speed, $f$ is frequency, and $λ$ is wavelength
• Reflection of sound waves changes their fundamental properties.

  False
• What is the Law of Reflection for sound waves?

  $θ_{i} =$$θ_{r}$
• What type of waves are sound waves?

  Longitudinal waves
• Sound waves consist of areas of compression and rarefaction
• What is the pressure like in areas of compression in sound waves?

  High
• Particle spacing in rarefaction is dense.

  False
• What is the formula for the speed of sound?

  $v =$$fλ$
• The pitch of a sound wave is determined by its frequency
• What unit is used to measure loudness?

  Decibels
• The speed of sound is constant regardless of the medium.

  False
• Match the property of sound waves with its characteristic:

  Pitch ↔️ Frequency

  Loudness ↔️ Amplitude

  Speed ↔️ Medium
• What unit is the speed of sound typically measured in?

  Meters per second
• Higher density generally reduces the speed of sound
• Higher temperature increases the speed of sound.
• What is the formula for the speed of sound in a gas?

  $v =$$√(γP / ρ)$
• Types of sound reflection based on surface type

  1️⃣ Regular Reflection (smooth surface)

  2️⃣ Diffuse Reflection (rough surface)
• What is refraction of sound?

  Bending of waves
• Denser mediums slow down sound waves, leading to refraction.
• Diffraction of sound occurs when sound waves bend around obstacles
• What happens to high-frequency sound waves during diffraction?

  They diffract less
• Ultrasound has frequencies above 20 kHz.
• Ultrasound is used in medical imaging to produce images of internal body structures
• Match the characteristic with its category for ultrasound and audible sound:

  Frequency of Ultrasound ↔️ > 20 kHz

  Frequency of Audible Sound ↔️ 20 Hz - 20 kHz

  Wavelength of Ultrasound ↔️ Shorter