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AP Environmental Science
Unit 7: Atmospheric Pollution
7.1 Introduction to Air Pollution
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What is air pollution defined as?
Contamination of the atmosphere
Volcanic eruptions release ash and
gases
Dust storms carry
fine particles
over long distances.
Match the anthropogenic source with its primary pollutants:
Industrial processes ↔️ Sulfur dioxide
Transportation ↔️ Carbon monoxide
Agricultural activities ↔️ Methane
Household heating ↔️ Smoke
What are primary pollutants?
Directly released pollutants
O
z
o
n
e
(
O
3
)
Ozone (O3)
O
zo
n
e
(
O
3
)
is a secondary pollutant formed through reactions involving volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides
Ozone damages
lung tissue
and vegetation.
Match the pollutant with its primary source:
Particulate Matter ↔️ Construction sites
Nitrogen Oxides ↔️ Vehicle exhaust
Sulfur Dioxide ↔️ Burning fossil fuels
Carbon Monoxide ↔️ Incomplete combustion
Steps in the formation of photochemical smog
1️⃣ VOCs and NOx react in sunlight
2️⃣ Ozone forms
3️⃣ Smog reduces air quality
What are the primary respiratory diseases exacerbated by air pollution?
Asthma and COPD
Particulate matter contributes to cardiovascular diseases by hardening the
arteries
Exposure to air pollution can increase
mortality rates
.
What respiratory diseases are exacerbated by air pollution?
Asthma and COPD
Particulate matter contributes to the hardening of arteries, leading to heart attacks and
strokes
Children and the elderly are more vulnerable to the effects of air pollution due to their
developing
lungs and weakened immune systems, respectively.
Match the health impact with its description:
Respiratory Diseases ↔️ Asthma, COPD, lung cancer
Cardiovascular Diseases ↔️ Heart attacks, strokes
Increased Mortality ↔️ Higher overall death rate
What is crucial to improving public health and well-being in the context of air pollution?
Addressing air pollution
Acid rain is formed when pollutants like
S
O
2
SO2
SO
2
and
N
O
x
NOx
NO
x
react with water
What environmental impact occurs when excess nutrients from nitrogen oxides lead to excessive algae growth in water bodies?
Eutrophication
Match the environmental impact with its description and key pollutants:
Acid Rain ↔️ Damages aquatic life and forests;
S
O
2
,
N
O
x
SO2, NOx
SO
2
,
NO
x
Eutrophication ↔️ Excessive algae growth in water bodies; Nitrogen oxides
Which pollutants are responsible for the formation of acid rain?
SO2 and NOx</latex>
Eutrophication is caused by excess nutrients from pollutants like nitrogen
oxides
What type of water pollution is caused by acid rain?
Lower pH levels
Which greenhouse gases are primarily responsible for climate change due to air pollution?
C
O
2
a
n
d
C
H
4
CO2 and CH4
CO
2
an
d
C
H
4
Acid rain can lower the pH of lakes, making them uninhabitable for some
fish species
.
What are examples of natural sources of air pollution?
Volcanic eruptions and forest fires
Match the natural source of air pollution with its example:
Volcanic Eruptions ↔️ Release ash and gases
Dust Storms ↔️ Carry fine particles
Pollen ↔️ Comes from plants
Anthropogenic sources of air pollution include industrial processes, transportation, and agricultural
activities
Order the following anthropogenic sources of air pollution from most industrial to most household-related:
1️⃣ Industrial processes
2️⃣ Transportation
3️⃣ Agricultural activities
4️⃣ Household heating
What is air pollution defined as?
Contamination of the atmosphere
Air pollutants arise from both natural and
anthropogenic
Volcanic eruptions are a natural source of
air pollution
.
Match the natural source with its primary pollutant:
Volcanic eruptions ↔️ Ash and gases
Forest fires ↔️ Smoke and particulate matter
Dust storms ↔️ Fine particles
Pollen ↔️ Pollen
What are anthropogenic sources of air pollution related to?
Human activities
Industrial processes generate sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
oxides
Order the types of air pollution sources based on their environmental impact:
1️⃣ Natural sources
2️⃣ Anthropogenic sources
Primary pollutants form through chemical reactions in the atmosphere.
False
How are secondary pollutants formed in the atmosphere?
Chemical reactions
Primary pollutants are directly emitted from sources without undergoing any
reaction
Match the pollutant type with its formation process:
Primary ↔️ No reaction
Secondary ↔️ Chemical reaction
See all 46 cards
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