7.9 Causation in 19th-Century Perspectives and Political Development

• Technological advancements are secondary causes that enhanced industrial growth.
• The Industrial Revolution is a primary cause that directly initiated urbanization
• The invention of the steam engine was a secondary cause that accelerated industrial growth
• Match the long-term cause with its impact:

  Enlightenment Ideals ↔️ Inspired revolutions and reforms

  Industrialization ↔️ Led to urbanization, class conflict, and social reforms

  Rising Nationalism ↔️ Fueled national unification and international tensions
• The July Revolution of 1830 was triggered by Charles X's reactionary policies.
• The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a precipitating event that led to World War I
• The Industrial Revolution is an example of a primary cause that led to urbanization
• Match the long-term cause with its impact:

  Enlightenment Ideals ↔️ Inspired revolutions and reforms

  Industrialization ↔️ Led to urbanization, class conflict, and social reforms

  Rising Nationalism ↔️ Fueled national unification and international tensions
• The July Revolution of 1830 was sparked by Charles X's reactionary policies
• The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a precipitating event that initiated World War I
• Causation in historical analysis involves understanding the relationships between events to determine cause and effect
• Arrange the following factors in a causal chain:

  1️⃣ Industrialization (economic)

  2️⃣ Urbanization and class conflict (social)

  3️⃣ Government policies and revolutions (political)
• What social changes did industrialization lead to in the 19th century?

  Urbanization and class conflict
• The interplay of economic, social, and political factors is crucial in understanding historical developments
• Industrialization directly influenced government policies and revolutions in the 19th century.
• Match the factor type with an example:

  Economic ↔️ Industrialization

  Social ↔️ Class conflict

  Political ↔️ Revolutions
• What reforms were demanded by the industrial working class due to poor working conditions?

  Labor reforms
• Conservatism emphasizes individual rights and freedoms.

  False
• Socialism advocates for social ownership and equitable distribution of wealth
• Match the ideology with its core tenets:

  Liberalism ↔️ Individual rights, free markets

  Conservatism ↔️ Traditional structures, hierarchy

  Socialism ↔️ Social ownership, equity

  Nationalism ↔️ National unity, sovereignty
• Which ideology focused on emotion, imagination, and the beauty of nature?

  Romanticism
• 19th-century ideologies and philosophies drove significant cultural and political changes.
• In historical analysis, causation helps determine the relationship between cause and effect
• What is the definition of primary causes in historical analysis?

  Fundamental reasons for an event
• Order the following examples based on their role in causation during the Industrial Revolution:

  1️⃣ Industrial Revolution (primary cause)

  2️⃣ Urbanization

  3️⃣ Technological advancements (secondary cause)
• Technological advancements were primary causes of the Industrial Revolution.

  False
• Enlightenment Ideals emphasized reason, individual rights, and democracy
• What was the main focus of rising nationalism in the 19th century?

  Loyalty and national identity
• What are the core tenets of Enlightenment Ideals?

  Reason, individual rights, democracy
• Industrialization led to urbanization, class conflict, and social reforms
• Enlightenment Ideals emphasized reason and individual rights.
• What is the primary focus of rising nationalism?

  Loyalty to the nation-state
• Enlightenment Ideals inspired democratic reforms and revolutions
• Order the interconnected causes that shaped the 19th-century political landscape:

  1️⃣ Enlightenment Ideals

  2️⃣ Industrialization

  3️⃣ Rising Nationalism
• Short-term triggers differ from long-term causes in their immediate impact.
• What was the short-term trigger of the July Revolution in 1830?

  Charles X's reactionary policies
• The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a precipitating event that led to World War I
• What is the interplay of economic, social, and political factors?

  They influence one another
• Industrialization is an example of an economic factor that led to urbanization.
• Liberalism emphasized individual rights, limited government, and free markets