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AP United States Government and Politics
Unit 1: Foundations of American Democracy
1.3 Government Power and Individual Rights
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Cards (41)
What is government power defined as?
Authority to enforce laws
Individual rights are protections against potential abuses of government
power
Individual rights include freedom of speech, assembly, and
religion
.
What is the role of individual rights in relation to government power?
Protections against abuse
Match the concept with its description:
Government Power ↔️ Authority to enforce laws
Individual Rights ↔️ Protections against abuse
Liberty ↔️ Freedom from oppression
Justice ↔️ Fair treatment under law
What is the primary role of the U.S. Constitution in defining and protecting individual rights?
Ensuring essential freedoms
The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten
amendments
The Bill of Rights guarantees fundamental rights such as freedom of speech and
religion
.
What role do Supreme Court interpretations play in defining individual rights?
Define their scope and limits
Match the constitutional right with its example Supreme Court case:
Freedom of Speech ↔️
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Texas v. Johnson
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x
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v
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J
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hn
so
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Freedom of Religion ↔️
E
n
g
e
l
v
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V
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t
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l
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Engel v. Vitale
E
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g
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v
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Vi
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Right to Bear Arms ↔️
D
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v
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H
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District of Columbia v. Heller
D
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r
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t
o
f
C
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l
u
mbia
v
.
He
ll
er
Right to a Fair Trial ↔️
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r
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n
d
a
v
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A
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a
Miranda v. Arizona
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an
d
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A
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na
What does freedom of speech protect against?
Censorship of opinions
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g
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l
v
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V
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t
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l
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Engel v. Vitale
E
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g
e
l
v
.
Vi
t
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l
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banned mandatory prayer in public schools
Freedom of the press ensures media can report news without
government
interference.
What did
D
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g
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v
.
O
r
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n
De Jonge v. Oregon
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v
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O
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uphold?
Right to lawful assembly
Individual rights limit government
authority
How does the U.S. Constitution define and protect individual rights?
By establishing limits of government power
The Bill of Rights guarantees fundamental rights such as freedom of
speech
Later amendments to the Constitution, like the 14th, expanded rights such as
equal protection
.
Match the constitutional basis with the example case:
Freedom of Speech ↔️
T
e
x
a
s
v
.
J
o
h
n
s
o
n
Texas v. Johnson
T
e
x
a
s
v
.
J
o
hn
so
n
Freedom of Religion ↔️
E
n
g
e
l
v
.
V
i
t
a
l
e
Engel v. Vitale
E
n
g
e
l
v
.
Vi
t
a
l
e
Right to Bear Arms ↔️
D
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s
t
r
i
c
t
o
f
C
o
l
u
m
b
i
a
v
.
H
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l
e
r
District of Columbia v. Heller
D
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s
t
r
i
c
t
o
f
C
o
l
u
mbia
v
.
He
ll
er
Right to a Fair Trial ↔️
M
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r
a
n
d
a
v
.
A
r
i
z
o
n
a
Miranda v. Arizona
M
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r
an
d
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v
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A
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na
Equal Protection ↔️
B
r
o
w
n
v
.
B
o
a
r
d
o
f
E
d
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c
a
t
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n
Brown v. Board of Education
B
ro
w
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v
.
B
o
a
r
d
o
f
E
d
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c
a
t
i
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n
What role do Supreme Court interpretations play in defining individual rights?
Interpreting rights through cases
The First Amendment protects freedom of speech, as seen in
T
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x
a
s
v
.
J
o
h
n
s
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Texas v. Johnson
T
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x
a
s
v
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J
o
hn
so
n
, where flag burning was upheld as symbolic speech
The Bill of Rights is a key limitation on
government power
to protect individual rights.
What is one example of a constitutional check and balance on government power?
Legislative oversight of executive
Judicial review, as established in
M
a
r
b
u
r
y
v
.
M
a
d
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s
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Marbury v. Madison
M
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r
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u
ry
v
.
M
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d
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so
n
, allows the Supreme Court to strike down unconstitutional laws
Why is the separation of powers a limitation on government power?
To prevent tyranny
What does the Bill of Rights guarantee?
Fundamental rights
The Supreme Court's power to strike down unconstitutional laws is called
judicial review
The separation of powers ensures that no single
branch
of government becomes too powerful.
What does federalism distribute power between?
Federal and state governments
Each branch of government can oversee and limit the other branches through a system of
checks and balances
Steps to define and protect individual rights in the U.S. system
1️⃣ Constitutional limitations on government power
2️⃣ Bill of Rights guarantees fundamental freedoms
3️⃣ Judicial review by the Supreme Court
What is the purpose of individual rights in relation to government power?
Protect against government abuse
Government power and
individual rights
are designed to balance each other.
Government power includes the authority to enforce laws, collect taxes, and protect the
nation
What is an example of an individual right under the Bill of Rights?
Freedom of speech
What is the fundamental goal of balancing government power and individual rights in the U.S. Constitution?
Maintaining order and safeguarding liberty
The U.S. Constitution defines and protects individual rights by establishing the scope and limits of
government power
.
Match the right with its constitutional basis:
Freedom of Speech ↔️ First Amendment
Right to Bear Arms ↔️ Second Amendment
Equal Protection ↔️ Fourteenth Amendment
Right to a Fair Trial ↔️ Fifth Amendment
In
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b
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v
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M
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Marbury v. Madison
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v
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M
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(1803), the Supreme Court established its authority to strike down unconstitutional laws
The "clear and present danger" test from
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U
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S
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Schenck v. United States
S
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v
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U
ni
t
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d
St
a
t
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(1919) limits freedom of speech during wartime.
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