6.1 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

• Energy resources are natural substances used to produce energy
• Renewable energy resources are replenished over short periods.
• Fossil fuels are examples of nonrenewable energy resources
• Match the renewable energy resource with its description:

  Solar ↔️ Harnessing energy from the sun

  Wind ↔️ Using turbines to convert kinetic energy

  Water ↔️ Utilizing hydropower from rivers

  Geothermal ↔️ Extracting heat from the Earth

  Biomass ↔️ Burning organic matter
• Solar energy is dependent on weather conditions.
• Wind turbines convert kinetic energy into electricity
• What is one limitation of hydropower energy?

  Alters ecosystems
• Biomass energy can be carbon neutral
• Match the nonrenewable energy resource with its advantage:

  Coal ↔️ Abundant, inexpensive

  Oil ↔️ Versatile, easy to transport

  Natural Gas ↔️ Lower emissions than coal

  Nuclear Energy ↔️ High energy output, no CO2
• Fossil fuels have high energy density.
• Coal is the largest emitter of CO2
• What is one environmental concern associated with oil?

  Oil spills
• Natural gas produces lower emissions than coal.
• Nuclear energy produces radioactive waste
• Match the energy resource with its replenishment time:

  Renewable ↔️ Continual or short intervals

  Nonrenewable ↔️ Millions of years
• Nonrenewable resources contribute to climate change
• What is one key limitation of renewable energy resources?

  Dependent on natural conditions
• Nonrenewable energy extraction often damages ecosystems.
• Nonrenewable energy depletion contributes to finite reserves
• Coal is an example of a nonrenewable resource
• What are renewable energy resources defined as?

  Replenished over short periods
• Solar energy harnesses energy from the sun
• Wind energy is efficient and produces no emissions.
• Match the renewable energy resource with its limitation:

  Water ↔️ Alters ecosystems

  Biomass ↔️ Releases pollutants
• What is a key advantage of renewable energy resources?

  Sustainability
• Nonrenewable energy resources cannot be replenished within a human lifespan
• Which fossil fuel has the highest CO2 emissions when burned?

  Coal
• Natural gas is cleaner than coal in terms of emissions.
• What is a key advantage of nuclear energy?

  No CO2 emissions
• Renewable energy resources are defined as naturally replenished over short periods
• How does the availability of renewable resources compare to nonrenewable resources?

  Abundant vs limited
• Nonrenewable energy resources contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.
• Order the environmental impacts of renewable energy from least to most severe:

  1️⃣ Low greenhouse gas emissions

  2️⃣ Minimal air pollution

  3️⃣ Disruption of habitats

  4️⃣ Large land area requirements
• Match the environmental aspect with its impact on nonrenewable energy resources:

  Air pollution ↔️ High levels of pollutants

  Greenhouse gas emissions ↔️ High emissions
• Renewable energy resources like solar and wind emit minimal air pollution
• What type of hazardous waste is produced by nuclear energy?

  Radioactive waste
• The economic feasibility of renewable energy compares its capital and operational costs
• What is a long-term economic benefit of renewable energy adoption?

  Price stability
• Match the government policy with its impact on energy resources:

  Subsidies and tax credits ↔️ Encourage renewable investment

  Carbon pricing ↔️ Tax on carbon emissions
• Government policies can significantly influence the energy mix