3.2 Design

• Order the steps in a systematic approach to problem-solving.

  1️⃣ Define the problem clearly

  2️⃣ Brainstorm potential solutions

  3️⃣ Evaluate solutions' pros and cons

  4️⃣ Choose the most suitable solution

  5️⃣ Detailed design implementation

  6️⃣ Code and test incrementally

  7️⃣ Iterate based on feedback
• What is the primary goal of defining the problem clearly in problem-solving?

  Identifying key issues
• A clear definition of a slow system would be "the average response time exceeds 2 seconds under normal load conditions".
• What techniques can help in brainstorming potential solutions?

  Diagrams and analogies
• Creating a site map or wireframe is an example of using a diagram to visualize a new website layout.
• What is an analogy in brainstorming potential solutions?

  Drawing parallels to user-friendly interfaces
• Free writing is a brainstorming technique where all ideas are written down without stopping.
• Brainstorming involves initial evaluation of solutions to ensure their practicality.

  False
• Match the potential solutions for a slow system with their descriptions:

  Upgrading hardware ↔️ Increases processing speed

  Optimizing database queries ↔️ Reduces system load

  Implementing caching ↔️ Speeds up data retrieval

  Reducing network latency ↔️ Improves response time
• Why is referring back to the clearly defined problem essential during brainstorming?

  Ensures brainstorming stays focused
• Evaluating potential solutions involves examining their pros and cons.
• Weighing the pros and cons of solutions helps in choosing the most appropriate option.
• What is the primary purpose of evaluating solutions' pros and cons?

  Determining the most effective option
• Steps to evaluate solutions using a comparison table:

  1️⃣ Identify potential solutions

  2️⃣ List the pros of each solution

  3️⃣ List the cons of each solution

  4️⃣ Weigh the pros and cons

  5️⃣ Choose the most appropriate solution
• What is a pro of upgrading hardware as a solution?

  Immediate performance boost
• Optimizing database queries reduces the load on the system
• Reducing network latency may require changes to network infrastructure.
• What is the goal of evaluating solutions?

  Address key issues
• Selecting the most suitable solution requires evaluating its feasibility, cost, and impact
• What is a key advantage of optimizing database queries for a slow system?

  Significant performance improvement
• A detailed design plan specifies data structures, algorithms, and interfaces.
• Algorithms are step-by-step methods for processing data
• What do interfaces define in a system design?

  User interaction methods
• Match the design element with its description:

  Data Structures ↔️ Organization and types of data

  Algorithms ↔️ Steps to process data

  Interfaces ↔️ User interaction methods
• What are the benefits of coding and testing incrementally?

  Early bug detection
• Coding and testing incrementally reduces the need to re-implement large sections
• Incremental coding leads to faster development cycles.
• Steps to iterate based on feedback:

  1️⃣ Gather feedback from users

  2️⃣ Analyze the feedback

  3️⃣ Adjust the design

  4️⃣ Re-test the changes
• Why is iterating based on feedback important?

  Improves user satisfaction
• Final solution validation confirms that the solution meets all requirements.
• In final solution validation, optimized database queries and caching resolve the issue of slow system response