4.8 Earth's Geography and Climate

• How does altitude affect temperature?

  Higher altitudes are cooler
• Coastal areas experience moderate temperatures due to their proximity to water
• Ocean currents distribute heat around the globe.
• What is a rain shadow created by topography?

  Dry conditions in leeward areas
• Climate factors interact to create distinct climate zones
• Match the climate factor with its impact:

  Latitude ↔️ Determines temperature by distance from equator

  Ocean Currents ↔️ Distribute heat globally

  Topography ↔️ Creates rain shadows
• Order the major climate zones from warmest to coldest:

  1️⃣ Tropical

  2️⃣ Temperate

  3️⃣ Polar
• Tropical zones have warm temperatures and high precipitation year-round.
• What type of precipitation is common in temperate zones?

  Variable
• Polar zones have very cold temperatures and low precipitation
• Match the climate zone with its characteristics:

  Tropical ↔️ Warm temperatures, high precipitation

  Temperate ↔️ Moderate seasons, variable precipitation

  Polar ↔️ Very cold, low precipitation
• How do geographical features influence climate patterns?

  Landforms and bodies of water
• Mountains can block or redirect air masses, affecting precipitation.
• Bodies of water moderate temperatures and influence precipitation
• What role does latitude play in climate?

  Determines temperature and sunlight
• What does Earth's geography study?

  Physical features of Earth
• Landforms studied in Earth's geography include mountains, valleys, and plateaus
• Oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers are bodies of water studied in Earth's geography.
• Match the climate zone with its description:

  Tropical ↔️ Warm and humid

  Temperate ↔️ Moderate seasons

  Polar ↔️ Cold and dry
• What do the physical features of Earth shape?

  Environments and ecosystems
• Higher latitudes receive less sunlight
• Higher altitudes are cooler due to lower atmospheric pressure.
• Why do coastal areas have moderate temperatures?

  Water's high heat capacity
• The physical features of land, such as mountains, are referred to as topography
• Order the major climate zones from warmest to coldest:

  1️⃣ Tropical

  2️⃣ Temperate

  3️⃣ Polar
• What is the average temperature in tropical zones?

  25°C</latex>
• Polar zones have precipitation levels below 250mm annually.
• Earth's geography includes the study of landforms such as mountains, valleys, and plateaus
• What are the major climate zones studied in Earth's geography?

  Tropical, temperate, polar
• Earth's physical features do not influence ecosystems.

  False
• Match the factor affecting climate with its impact:

  Latitude ↔️ Warmer near the equator

  Altitude ↔️ Colder at higher elevations

  Proximity to Water ↔️ Moderate coastal temperatures

  Ocean Currents ↔️ Distribute heat globally
• What shapes the Earth's climate patterns?

  Key environmental factors
• Regions near the equator are warmer than those at higher latitudes.
• Arrange the geographical features based on their impact on climate from most direct to less direct:

  1️⃣ Mountains

  2️⃣ Bodies of Water

  3️⃣ Latitude