The Scientific Revolution marked a shift away from Aristotelian logic and traditional church-held beliefs
What was Nicolaus Copernicus's major contribution to astronomy?
Heliocentric model
What did Johannes Kepler discover about planetary motion?
Laws of planetary motion
What improvements did Galileo Galilei make to scientific instruments?
Improvements to the telescope
What were Isaac Newton's major contributions to physics?
Laws of motion and universal gravitation
The Scientific Revolution fundamentally changed the way humans viewed the universe.
What was the Enlightenment?
An intellectual and cultural movement
One of the key principles of the Enlightenment was the emphasis on reason
What basic rights did John Locke argue were inherent to all humans?
Life, liberty, and property
Who proposed the concept of the separation of powers in government?
Montesquieu
According to Rousseau, where does government legitimacy come from?
Consent of the governed
The Enlightenment emphasized individualism and natural rights over traditional authority.
Match each Enlightenment philosopher with their main idea:
John Locke ↔️ Natural rights: life, liberty, property
Montesquieu ↔️ Separation of powers
Jean-Jacques Rousseau ↔️ Social contract
Voltaire ↔️ Freedom of speech and religious tolerance
What key historical factors led to the Scientific Revolution?
Renaissance, Humanism, religious and political changes
The Renaissance and Humanism emphasized human reason and observation
Major scientific discoveries and inventions, such as the telescope and microscope, advanced the understanding of the natural world.
What intellectual movements influenced the Enlightenment?
Renaissance and Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke argued for natural rights inherent to all humans.
The Scientific Revolution shifted scientific thought away from Aristotelian logic and traditional church-held beliefs to empirical observation, experimentation, and mathematical reasoning
What was Nicolaus Copernicus' key contribution to the Scientific Revolution?
Heliocentric model
Johannes Kepler is known for his laws of planetary motion
What was Galileo Galilei's major contribution to the Scientific Revolution?
Improvements to the telescope
Isaac Newton formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation
What mathematical system did René Descartes develop?
Cartesian coordinate system
The Enlightenment emphasized reason, individualism, and natural rights
Which philosopher argued for natural rights such as life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
Match the Enlightenment philosopher with their main idea:
Montesquieu ↔️ Separation of powers
Voltaire ↔️ Freedom of speech and religious tolerance
Rousseau ↔️ Social contract
Order the historical factors leading to the Scientific Revolution:
1️⃣ Renaissance and Humanism
2️⃣ Scientific Discoveries and Inventions
3️⃣ Religious and Political Changes
What did Renaissance and Humanism emphasize that influenced the Scientific Revolution?
Human reason and observation
The invention of the printing press allowed for the dissemination of knowledge
Which classical ideas were revived during the Renaissance that influenced the Enlightenment?
Classical learning
The Scientific Revolution emphasized empirical observation and critical thinking, which influenced the Enlightenment.
Both the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment valued the use of reason
What social and political ideals did the Enlightenment advocate for in Europe?
Natural rights and democracy
The Enlightenment applied principles of reason and individualism to social and political issues, advocating for natural rights.
What did the Scientific Revolution advance through empirical observation and experimentation?
Understanding the natural world
The Enlightenment's principles influenced the development of modern democracies.
The Scientific Revolution advanced our understanding of the natural world through empirical observation and experimentation.
Which political reforms were influenced by the Enlightenment's advocacy for natural rights and social contract?