2.4 Wars of Religion

• What were the Wars of Religion primarily driven by?

  Religious differences
• The Wars of Religion occurred in Europe between 1524 and 1648
• The Wars of Religion were solely driven by religious conflicts with no political or economic factors involved.

  False
• Arrange the causes of the Wars of Religion in order of significance.

  1️⃣ Religious divisions

  2️⃣ Political power struggles

  3️⃣ Economic tensions

  4️⃣ Social unrest
• Match the key figures with their roles during the Wars of Religion:

  Martin Luther ↔️ Religious Reformer

  John Calvin ↔️ Developed Calvinist theology

  Henry IV of France ↔️ Issued the Edict of Nantes

  Philip II of Spain ↔️ Led the Catholic counter-reformation
• What complex factors fueled the Wars of Religion?

  Political, economic, social
• Martin Luther triggered the Reformation with his 95 Theses at the Diet of Augsburg
• Henry IV of France ended the French Wars of Religion with the Edict of Nantes.
• Which major wars are included in the Wars of Religion?

  French Wars, Thirty Years', English
• The French Wars of Religion ended with the Edict of Nantes
• What treaty ended the Thirty Years' War?

  Peace of Westphalia
• Oliver Cromwell led the Parliamentarian forces during the English Civil War.
• Arrange the effects of the Wars of Religion in chronological order.

  1️⃣ Religious pluralism

  2️⃣ Political decentralization

  3️⃣ Social impact
• Match the causes of the Wars of Religion with their descriptions:

  Religious divisions ↔️ Intolerance between Catholics and Protestants

  Political power struggles ↔️ Rulers sought religious control

  Economic tensions ↔️ Competition for resources

  Social unrest ↔️ Grievances exacerbated religious tensions
• Religious divisions between Catholics and Protestants were a major cause of the Wars of Religion.
• The Wars of Religion took place between 1524 and 1648.
• What was a key religious division during the Wars of Religion?

  Catholics and Protestants
• Political power struggles were a major cause of the Wars of Religion.
• Competition for resources and trade led to economic tensions during the Wars of Religion.
• What did rulers seek to expand during the Wars of Religion?

  Political power
• Social unrest exacerbated religious tensions during the Wars of Religion.
• Match the key figures with their roles or achievements:

  Martin Luther ↔️ Triggered the Reformation with his 95 Theses

  John Calvin ↔️ Developed Calvinist theology

  Henry IV of France ↔️ Ended the French Wars of Religion with the Edict of Nantes

  Philip II of Spain ↔️ Led the Catholic Counter-Reformation
• What theological movement did John Calvin develop?

  Calvinist theology
• Henry IV of France issued the Edict of Nantes to end the French Wars of Religion.
• Philip II of Spain led the Catholic Counter-Reformation during the Wars of Religion.
• What was the outcome of the French Wars of Religion?

  Edict of Nantes
• The Peace of Westphalia in 1648 ended the Thirty Years' War.
• Match the key figures with their roles in major wars:

  Henry IV of France ↔️ King who issued the Edict of Nantes

  Ferdinand II ↔️ Holy Roman Emperor who led the Catholic League

  Oliver Cromwell ↔️ Leader of Parliamentarian forces in the English Civil War
• What two agreements ended major periods of religious conflict in Europe?

  Peace of Westphalia and Edict of Nantes
• The Peace of Westphalia established religious freedom in 1648.
• The authority of the Holy Roman Empire weakened, leading to political decentralization.
• What type of changes did the Wars of Religion cause in communities?

  Social and cultural