The nature-nurture debate

• What are the two categories of causal factors in behavior?

  Biology and experiences
• What does the term 'nature' refer to in psychology?

  Genetic makeup and biological processes
• What does the term 'nurture' refer to in psychology?

  Experiences during a lifetime
• Do most psychologists believe behavior is entirely nature or nurture?

  No, it's a combination of both
• What is the main debate in the nature-nurture discussion?

  How much behavior is influenced by each factor
• What is the psych Boost flash card app used for?

  Testing over 1,500 multiple choice questions
• What is a common misconception about the nature-nurture debate?

  That psychologists choose one side only
• What do behaviorists accept about biology?

  It plays a role in behavior
• What are primary reinforcers according to behaviorists?

  Food and sex
• What is the role of secondary reinforcers in behaviorism?

  They lead to accessing primary reinforcers
• How do biological psychologists view behavior?

  As influenced by inherited genes
• What does brain plasticity refer to?

  The brain adapts in response to experiences
• Who is associated with the nature side of the debate?

  Descartes
• What is Descartes' view on knowledge?

  Innate ideas are the foundation of knowledge
• Who is associated with the nurture side of the debate?

  Locke
• What does Locke's tabula rasa concept imply?

  The mind is a blank slate at birth
• What is empiricism according to Locke?

  Knowledge is acquired through experience
• What is the genetic explanation for OCD?

  Individuals inherit a vulnerability to OCD
• What does the monotropic theory suggest?

  Babies have an innate need to attach
• What do evolutionary theories suggest about behaviors?

  Genes code for adaptive behaviors
• How do behaviorists explain phobias?

  As associations formed during trauma
• What is interactionism in the nature-nurture debate?

  Nature and nurture factors influence each other
• What is the diathesis-stress explanation?

  Genetic vulnerability plus environmental stressors
• How does aggression in young males relate to interactionism?

  It results from biological and cultural interactions
• What does determinism imply in the nature-nurture debate?

  Behavior is caused by either genes or environment
• What is the implication of a purely biological explanation for mental illness?

  It may reduce responsibility for actions
• What is epigenetic modification?

  Environmental factors influence gene expression
• How can positive experiences affect the epigenome?

  They can enhance gene expression positively
• How can negative experiences affect the epigenome?

  They can negatively influence gene expression
• How can parental experiences influence the epigenome of infants?

  They can alter gene expression in infants
• What is the purpose of the Patreon support mentioned?

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• What type of resources are available for Patreon supporters?

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