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11.4 Reliability and Validity
11.4.2 Assessing Validity
b. External Validity
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Cards (27)
What does external validity refer to in research studies?
Generalizability of results
A study on social media impact on teens may not generalize to older
adults
What does ecological validity measure in research?
Real-world applicability
Studies from the 1950s on gender roles may not apply
today
Sampling diverse populations ensures high
external validity
.
What is population validity concerned with?
Generalizing to other people
Researchers should consider historical context to ensure
temporal validity
.
Why might a study on social media impact on teens not generalize to older adults?
Lack of population validity
Lab experiments on memory may not accurately reflect memory in everyday
life
What type of external validity is affected when findings from the 1950s on gender roles are applied today?
Temporal validity
Studies in real-world settings enhance
ecological validity
.
Give an example of a study lacking population validity.
Study on teens generalizing to adults
Lab memory tests may not reflect everyday
memory
Temporal validity
ensures that study results remain relevant over time.
What is the primary goal of assessing external validity in research design?
Generalizing research results
A study on teens may not apply to older adults due to lack of
population
validity.
What does ecological validity refer to in research design?
Real-world applicability
1950s gender role studies may not apply today due to
temporal validity
issues.
Steps to ensure high external validity
1️⃣ Sample diverse populations
2️⃣ Conduct studies in real-world settings
3️⃣ Consider historical context
A study on social media impact on teens might not generalize to older adults due to lack of
population
validity.
Why might lab experiments on memory have low ecological validity?
Artificial conditions
Temporal validity
ensures research findings remain relevant over time.
To assess external validity, researchers consider whether results can be generalized to other
populations
, settings, and times.
Match the type of external validity with its implication for generalizability:
Population Validity ↔️ Results may not apply to other groups
Ecological Validity ↔️ Results may not reflect real-world behavior
Temporal Validity ↔️ Results may not apply over time
What type of external validity is affected if a caffeine study's test conditions don't mirror everyday scenarios?
Ecological validity
A homogeneous study group may limit generalizability due to
population
characteristics.
Historical context can influence
temporal validity
in research.