6.1 Introduction to 20th-Century Spanish Theater and Poetry

• What social and political events influenced 20th-century Spanish literature?

  Spanish Civil War ||| Franco regime
• 20th-century Spanish theater often uses experimental, non-traditional structures
• A major theme in 20th-century Spanish poetry is the reflection on national identity
• What role did the Spanish Civil War play in shaping 20th-century Spanish literature?

  Highlighted conflict and identity struggles
• Federico García Lorca wrote 'Poeta en Nueva York'.

  False
• During the Franco regime, writers used coded language to express dissent
• Match the key figure with their influence on 20th-century Spanish literature:

  Federico García Lorca ↔️ Symbolism and allegory

  Luis Cernuda ↔️ Cultural preservation
• A major theme in 20th-century Spanish theater is the impact of war and conflict
• Who are three significant playwrights of 20th-century Spanish theater?

  Federico García Lorca ||| Max Aub ||| Fernando Arrabal
• Match the playwright with their notable work:

  Federico García Lorca ↔️ *Yerma*

  Max Aub ↔️ *Morir por cerrar los ojos*

  Fernando Arrabal ↔️ *Picnic*
• The Spanish Civil War led to dramatic portrayals of conflict and human suffering
• The Franco Regime imposed censorship, leading to subversive storytelling and exploration of social injustice
• War and conflict were major themes in 20th-century Spanish theater, influenced by the Spanish Civil War.
• Federico García Lorca's *La casa de Bernarda Alba* explores themes of identity and belonging
• Which playwright's work exemplifies alienation and isolation in 20th-century Spanish theater?

  Fernando Arrabal
• Existential questions about the meaning of life were common themes in 20th-century Spanish theater.
• Key playwrights who shaped 20th-century Spanish theater include Federico García Lorca, Max Aub, and Fernando Arrabal
• Match the playwright with their notable themes and style:

  Federico García Lorca ↔️ Love, death, poetic realism

  Max Aub ↔️ Historical events, documentary realism

  Fernando Arrabal ↔️ Existentialism, absurd theater
• Stages in the evolution of 20th-century Spanish poetry:

  1️⃣ Modernismo

  2️⃣ Avant-garde

  3️⃣ Post-Civil War

  4️⃣ Post-Modernism
• Modernismo in 20th-century Spanish poetry emphasized aesthetic beauty and individualism
• What poetic technique did the avant-garde movement experiment with in 20th-century Spanish poetry?

  Surrealism
• Key poets like Miguel Hernández, Luis Cernuda, and Octavio Paz highlighted themes of political critique and existential questioning.
• Match the poet with their notable themes and style:

  Miguel Hernández ↔️ War, social justice, visceral style

  Luis Cernuda ↔️ Exile, love, elegiac style

  Octavio Paz ↔️ Identity, culture, philosophical style
• What type of literary form did 20th-century Spanish poetry often utilize?

  Surrealism
• Political unrest and identity were major themes in 20th-century Spanish theater and poetry.
• 20th-century Spanish literature broke away from romantic and realistic traditions
• Which historical events influenced 20th-century Spanish theater and poetry?

  Spanish Civil War, Franco Regime
• The Spanish Civil War led to the creation of elegies lamenting losses and highlighting themes of resistance
• What literary device did the Franco Regime's censorship encourage in poetry to express dissent?

  Coded language
• Stages in the evolution of 20th-century Spanish poetry (extended):

  1️⃣ Modernismo

  2️⃣ Avant-garde

  3️⃣ Post-Civil War

  4️⃣ Post-Modernism
• Modernismo emphasized aesthetic beauty and individualism
• Which poetic technique did the avant-garde movement experiment with?

  Surrealism
• Miguel Hernández, Luis Cernuda, and Octavio Paz were key poets who highlighted political critique and existential questioning.
• Match the stage of 20th-century Spanish poetry with its notable poets and themes:

  Modernismo ↔️ Rubén Darío, aesthetic beauty

  Avant-garde ↔️ Rafael Alberti, surrealism

  Post-Civil War ↔️ Miguel Hernández, trauma

  Post-Modernism ↔️ Octavio Paz, introspection
• Prominent poets who shaped 20th-century Spanish literature include Miguel Hernández, Luis Cernuda, and Octavio Paz
• Miguel Hernández's poetry often focused on themes of war, social justice, and resistance.
• What themes did Luis Cernuda frequently explore in his poetry?

  Exile, love, disillusionment
• Octavio Paz's poetry is characterized by its philosophical and existential themes
• Theater and poetry in 20th-century Spain were intertwined, sharing themes and styles that reflected the era's social and political turmoil.
• What themes did 20th-century Spanish poetry address that influenced theater?

  National identity, resistance