5.2.4 Treatments

• What is schizophrenia characterized by?

  Disruptions in thinking, perception, emotions, and behavior
• Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder characterized by positive and negative symptoms
• Match the symptom type with its description:

  Hallucinations ↔️ Visual or auditory sensations without external stimuli

  Delusions ↔️ False beliefs held despite evidence

  Disorganized speech ↔️ Incoherent or rambling speech

  Social withdrawal ↔️ Reduced participation in social activities
• What are the two main types of biological treatments for schizophrenia?

  Antipsychotic medications and ECT
• Typical antipsychotics reduce positive symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors
• ECT is effective for severe schizophrenia symptoms, especially in medication-resistant cases
• What are the two psychological treatments for schizophrenia?

  CBT and Family Therapy
• CBT for schizophrenia aims to reduce positive symptoms and improve coping skills
• What is the primary goal of Family Therapy in treating schizophrenia?

  Improve communication and psychoeducation
• Hallucinations are sensory experiences that occur without external stimuli
• Anhedonia is the inability to experience pleasure
• How do antipsychotic medications reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

  By blocking dopamine receptors
• Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) uses electrical stimulation to induce seizures
• ECT can cause short-term memory loss as a side effect
• Why are antipsychotic medications generally preferred over ECT for schizophrenia?

  Ease of use and effectiveness
• Antipsychotic medications reduce positive symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors
• ECT is effective for medication-resistant cases of schizophrenia
• What are the two primary psychological treatments for schizophrenia?

  CBT and Family Therapy
• Family Therapy in schizophrenia aims to educate the family and improve communication
• Typical antipsychotics are more effective for negative symptoms than atypical antipsychotics

  False
• What is one limitation of ECT for schizophrenia?

  Short-term memory loss
• Psychological treatments for schizophrenia aim to improve symptom management and quality of life
• What are two psychological treatments for schizophrenia mentioned in the study material?

  CBT and Family Therapy
• Psychological treatments for schizophrenia aim to improve symptom management and quality of life
• CBT reduces positive symptoms and improves coping skills but may not be effective for all patients.
• What is a limitation of Family Therapy in treating schizophrenia?

  Dependent on family cooperation
• CBT helps individuals change negative thought patterns, while Family Therapy improves communication and support
• The effectiveness of psychological treatments for schizophrenia varies based on individual responses and family dynamics.
• What is the defining characteristic of schizophrenia according to the study material?

  Disruptions in thinking and behavior
• Match the symptom type with its key examples:

  Positive Symptoms ↔️ Hallucinations

  Negative Symptoms ↔️ Social Withdrawal
• Hallucinations are sensory experiences without external stimuli
• Atypical antipsychotics are more effective than typical antipsychotics for managing positive symptoms.

  False
• What is a limitation of ECT in treating schizophrenia?

  Short-term memory loss
• CBT for schizophrenia uses techniques such as cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, and coping strategies
• What is a side effect of antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia?

  Weight gain
• ECT is effective for severe schizophrenia symptoms resistant to medication.
• What type of symptoms are antipsychotic medications most effective for reducing?

  Positive symptoms
• Biological treatments for schizophrenia include antipsychotic medications and Electroconvulsive Therapy
• Antipsychotic medications can cause tardive dyskinesia and weight gain as side effects.
• What is a major limitation of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

  Short-term memory loss