7.4.3 Blood Glucose Regulation

• Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment
• The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon in blood glucose regulation
• The liver stores and releases glucose
• Insulin promotes the conversion of glucose into glycogen
• Glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose
• Steps in blood glucose regulation when levels rise

  1️⃣ Pancreas releases insulin

  2️⃣ Liver and muscle cells take up glucose

  3️⃣ Glucose is converted into glycogen
• The pancreas and liver are both involved in blood glucose regulation
• Blood glucose regulation is a crucial part of maintaining homeostasis
• Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting glycogen formation
• Glucagon raises blood glucose by breaking down glycogen
• Steps in blood glucose regulation when levels fall

  1️⃣ Pancreas releases glucagon

  2️⃣ Liver breaks down glycogen

  3️⃣ Glucose is released into the bloodstream
• Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells
• Glucagon stimulates the conversion of glucose into glycogen

  False
• The key hormones involved in blood glucose regulation are insulin and glucagon
• Insulin and glucagon are both secreted by the pancreas
• Match the hormone with its action:

  Insulin ↔️ Lowers blood glucose

  Glucagon ↔️ Raises blood glucose
• Glucagon lowers blood glucose levels by converting glycogen into glucose

  False
• Insulin prompts liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and convert it into glycogen
• Insulin maintains stable blood glucose levels
• Glucagon raises blood glucose by breaking down glycogen
• Insulin and glucagon work together to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
• What organ secretes insulin?

  Pancreas
• Insulin prompts liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and convert it into glycogen
• Insulin's action helps maintain stable blood glucose levels.
• What is the definition of homeostasis?

  Stable internal environment
• Insulin is released when blood glucose levels rise after a meal.
• When blood glucose levels fall, the pancreas releases glucagon
• What process does glucagon stimulate in the liver?

  Glycogenolysis
• Order the steps in glucagon's action when blood glucose levels fall:

  1️⃣ Pancreas releases glucagon

  2️⃣ Glucagon stimulates the liver

  3️⃣ Liver breaks down glycogen into glucose

  4️⃣ Glucose is released into the bloodstream
• What is the primary action of insulin on blood glucose levels?

  Lowers blood glucose
• Glucagon raises blood glucose by breaking down glycogen
• What is the process called when insulin stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen?

  Glycogenesis
• What is the process called when glucagon stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?

  Glycogenolysis
• The liver stores excess glucose as glycogen
• What does blood glucose regulation contribute to in the body?

  Homeostasis
• Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting glycogen formation.
• Which hormone raises blood glucose levels by breaking down glycogen?

  Glucagon
• Insulin signals liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and convert it into glycogen
• Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver.
• Which hormone is produced by the pancreas when blood glucose levels fall too low?

  Glucagon