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Topic 7: Run for Your Life
7.3 Cardiovascular System
7.3.2 Cardiac Cycle
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The cardiac cycle is the complete sequence of events that occur during one
heartbeat
During diastole, atrial and
ventricular
pressure are low.
During systole, atrial pressure remains low while ventricular pressure increases
dramatically
The cardiac cycle consists of two main phases: diastole and
systole
.
Stages of the cardiac cycle in order
1️⃣ Atrial systole
2️⃣ Ventricular systole
3️⃣ Diastole
During atrial systole, atrial pressure increases briefly while ventricular pressure remains
low
During ventricular systole, blood is forced into the aorta and
pulmonary artery
.
The atrioventricular valves include the mitral valve on the left and the tricuspid valve on the
right
The semilunar valves prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles during
diastole
.
Match the valve type with its function:
Atrioventricular Valves ↔️ Prevent backflow into atria
Semilunar Valves ↔️ Prevent backflow into ventricles
The sinoatrial (SA) node acts as the natural
pacemaker
Sympathetic nerves decrease heart rate and contractility.
False
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are hormones that increase heart rate and force of
contraction