14.3.1 Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions

    Cards (73)

    • What type of energy is used to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction in electrolysis?
      Electrical energy
    • In electrolysis, an electric current is passed through an electrolyte
    • The electrolyte in electrolysis must be a solution or molten compound that conducts electricity.
    • Match the components of the electrolysis of water with their corresponding products:
      Cathode ↔️ Hydrogen gas
      Anode ↔️ Oxygen gas
    • Arrange the components of an electrolytic cell in their order of function:
      1️⃣ Electric power supply
      2️⃣ Electrolyte
      3️⃣ Anode
      4️⃣ Cathode
    • What is the charge of the anode in an electrolytic cell?
      Positive
    • The anode in an electrolytic cell is where oxidation occurs.
    • Reduction occurs at the cathode in an electrolytic cell.
    • Match the electrode with its process and electron activity:
      Anode ↔️ Oxidation, loses electrons
      Cathode ↔️ Reduction, gains electrons
    • What are the products of electrolyzing molten sodium chloride (NaClNaCl)?

      Sodium metal and chlorine gas
    • In electrolysis, oxidation involves the loss of electrons.
    • What is the charge of the electrode where oxidation occurs?
      Positive
    • The reaction AA++A \rightarrow A^{ + } +e e^{ - } represents oxidation at the anode.
    • Match the process with its definition and electron activity:
      Oxidation ↔️ Loss of electrons
      Reduction ↔️ Gain of electrons
    • What determines the products of electrolysis in aqueous solutions?
      Discharge preference of ions
    • Cations with lower reduction potential are more likely to be reduced.
    • In electrolysis, BrBr^{ - } ions are oxidized before OHOH^{ - } ions because they have a higher oxidation potential.
    • What gas is produced at the cathode when electrolyzing concentrated NaCl solution?
      Hydrogen gas
    • The reaction at the anode in the electrolysis of concentrated NaCl solution is 2Cl^{ - } \rightarrow Cl_{2} + 2e^{ - }</latex>, which produces chlorine gas.
    • Match the electrode with its charge and process:
      Anode ↔️ Positive, oxidation
      Cathode ↔️ Negative, reduction
    • What is the role of the anode in an electrolytic cell?
      Oxidation
    • The cathode in an electrolytic cell is the negative
    • An electrolyte in an electrolytic cell must contain ions to conduct electricity
    • What provides the energy to drive electrolysis in an electrolytic cell?
      Electric power supply
    • Match the electrode with its properties:
      Anode ↔️ Positive charge, oxidation
      Cathode ↔️ Negative charge, reduction
    • In the electrolysis of molten NaClNaCl, which ion is reduced at the cathode?

      Na+Na^{ + }
    • Oxidation involves the loss of electrons
    • Reduction always occurs at the cathode in electrolysis
    • In the electrolysis of NaClNaCl, what gas is formed at the anode?

      Cl_{2}</latex>
    • Cations with lower reduction potential are more likely to be discharged at the cathode
    • Anions with higher oxidation potential are more likely to be discharged at the anode
    • What gas is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of concentrated NaClNaCl solution?

      H2H_{2}
    • An active electrode participates in the chemical reaction by being oxidized or reduced
    • What is an example of an inert electrode in electrolysis?
      Platinum
    • Steps to calculate cell potential
      1️⃣ Identify the oxidation and reduction half-reactions
      2️⃣ Find the standard electrode potentials for each half-reaction
      3️⃣ Use the formula Ecell°=E^{°}_{cell} =Ereduction°Eoxidation° E^{°}_{reduction} - E^{°}_{oxidation}
    • What is the cell potential for a cell with Cu2+/CuCu^{2 + } / Cu andZn^{2 + }/Zn</latex> half-cells?

      ++1.10V 1.10 V
    • Electrolysis uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous
    • Write the balanced equation for the electrolysis of water.
      2H_{2}O(l) \rightarrow 2H_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g)</latex>
    • What is the cell potential for the given electrochemical cell?
      + 1.10 V
    • Electrolysis is the process of using electrical energy to force a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.
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