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Topic 5: Social Influence – How do others affect you?
5.3 Prosocial Behaviour
5.3.2 Factors Influencing Helping Behaviour
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Prosocial Behaviour refers to actions that benefit others, such as helping, sharing, or
cooperating
Prosocial behavior
is voluntary and intended to assist others.
An example of prosocial behavior is helping someone carry their
bags
Prosocial Behaviour refers to actions that benefit others, such as helping, sharing, or
cooperating
Prosocial behavior is always intended to benefit the helper.
False
The bystander effect reduces the likelihood of helping because the presence of others diffuses
responsibility
Arrange the following factors in order of their effect on helping behavior, from most negative to most positive:
1️⃣ Bystander effect
2️⃣ Social norms
3️⃣ Empathy
4️⃣ Altruism
The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others reduces the likelihood of
helping
Feeling empathy for someone in need increases the
likelihood
of helping them.
The bystander effect decreases helping because it reduces the sense of individual
responsibility
What is the role of social norms in prosocial behavior?
Encourage or discourage helping
What is the bystander effect?
Others reduce likelihood of helping
Empathy increases the likelihood of
helping behavior
.
Social norms can either encourage or discourage helping
behaviour
Which personal characteristic is associated with increased helping behavior?
Altruism
Empathy and
social norms
together can increase the likelihood of helping someone in need.
The bystander effect is caused by diffusion of
responsibility
How does social influence contribute to the bystander effect?
Others' inaction reduces intervention
The Kitty Genovese murder is a real-world example of the
bystander effect
.
What is prosocial behavior?
Actions benefiting others
Prosocial behavior is voluntary and intended to assist another individual or
group
What are the two primary causes of the bystander effect?
Diffusion of responsibility and social influence
Order the steps a person might take to overcome the bystander effect:
1️⃣ Recognize the situation requires help
2️⃣ Overcome diffusion of responsibility
3️⃣ Take personal responsibility
4️⃣ Help the individual in need
What are personal characteristics that influence helping behavior?
Traits and attitudes
Altruism is a personal characteristic that increases the likelihood of
helping
Match the situational factor with its effect on helping behavior:
Bystander Effect ↔️ Decreases helping
Social Influence ↔️ Others' reactions influence helping
Social influence
refers to how others' reactions affect an individual's decision to help.
What is the effect of the Bystander Effect on helping behavior?
Decreases helping
The Bystander Effect occurs because the presence of others reduces the likelihood of
helping
What happens to helping behavior if others seem unconcerned in a situation?
Decreases helping
Prosocial behavior
is voluntary and intended to assist others.
An example of prosocial behavior is donating to
charity
What is the Bystander Effect caused by?
Diffusion of responsibility
In the Bystander Effect, diffusion of responsibility reduces the likelihood of individuals assuming
action
What is a real-world example of the Bystander Effect?
Kitty Genovese murder
Altruism is a personal characteristic that increases the
likelihood
of helping others.
How does a positive mood affect helping behavior?
Promotes helping
Social Exchange Theory suggests that helping behavior is motivated by a cost-benefit
analysis