12.2.1 Calculating pH

• What is the pH of a neutral solution?

  7
• The formula to calculate pH is -log_{10}[H+]
• The [H+] is measured in moles per liter (mol/L).
• What is the pH of a solution with [H+] = 1 × 10^{-4} mol/L?

  4
• A solution with pH 4 is classified as acidic
• Match the pH condition with its example:

  Acidic ↔️ Lemon juice

  Neutral ↔️ Pure water

  Alkaline ↔️ Baking soda solution
• What is the range of the pH scale?

  0 to 14
• pH is defined by hydrogen ion concentration [H+].
• The pH formula is -log_{10}[H+]
• What is the pH of a solution with [H+] = 1 × 10^{-4} mol/L?

  4
• A solution with a pH greater than 7 is alkaline.
• What does [H+] represent in the pH formula?

  Hydrogen ion concentration
• If [H+] = 3.2 × 10^{-5} mol/L, the pH is approximately 4.49
• Order the pH values from most acidic to most alkaline:

  1️⃣ 2.0

  2️⃣ 7.0

  3️⃣ 12.0
• What is the pH of a solution with [H+] = 3.2 × 10^{-5} mol/L?

  4.49
• The formula for calculating pH is -log_{10}[H+]
• Match the [H+] with its corresponding pH:

  [H+] = 1.0 × 10^{-2} mol/L ↔️ pH = 2.0

  [H+] = 1.0 × 10^{-7} mol/L ↔️ pH = 7.0

  [H+] = 1.0 × 10^{-12} mol/L ↔️ pH = 12.0
• What is the pH formula used to calculate pH from [H+]?

  $pH =$$- log_{10}[H + ]$
• The pH of a solution is calculated by taking the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.
• What is the formula for calculating pH?

  $pH =$$- log_{10}[H + ]$
• In the pH formula, $[H + ]$ represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter
• To find the pH, you take the negative base-10 logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.
• What is the pH of a solution with $[H + ] =$$3.2 \times 10^{ - 5} \text{ mol / L}$?


  $pH =$$4.49$
• A pH of 4.49 indicates that the solution is acidic.
• What is the pH of a solution with $[H + ] =$$1.0 \times 10^{ - 2} \text{ mol / L}$?


  $pH =$$2.0$
• A solution with a pH of 7 is considered neutral
• What is the pH of a solution with [H + ] = 1.0 \times 10^{ - 12} \text{ mol / L}</latex>?

  $pH =$$12.0$
• To calculate $[H + ]$ from pH, you use the formula $[H + ] =$$10^{ - pH}$.
• What is the [H + ]</latex> concentration of a solution with a pH of 5?

  $[H + ] =$$10^{ - 5} \text{ mol / L}$
• A solution with a pH of 5 has a hydrogen ion concentration of $1 \times 10^{ - 5}$ mol/L, indicating it is acidic
• Match the pH value with its corresponding $[H + ]$ concentration:


  3 ↔️ $1.0 \times 10^{ - 3}$

  7 ↔️ $1.0 \times 10^{ - 7}$
• What is the $[H + ]$ concentration of a solution with a pH of 11?


  $[H + ] =$$1.0 \times 10^{ - 11} \text{ mol / L}$
• What does a pH of 7 indicate about a solution?

  Neutral
• What is the pH of a solution with $[H + ] =$$1 \times 10^{ - 3} \text{ mol / L}$?


  $pH =$$3$
• A solution with a $[H + ]$ of $1 \times 10^{ - 7}$ mol/L has a pH of 7 and is considered neutral
• The formula for pH is $pH =$$- log_{10}[H + ]$.
• What is the condition of a solution with a pH of 3?

  Acidic
• pH calculations are used in chemistry for quality control in industries.
• In biology, pH calculations are used to maintain optimal conditions in biological systems
• What is the optimal pH range for human blood?

  $7.35 to 7.45$