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Topic 5: On the Wild Side
5.2 Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
5.2.3 Productivity
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Consumers play a key role in secondary productivity by converting ingested organic matter into
new biomass
.
Steps of secondary productivity in consumers
1️⃣ Feeding
2️⃣ Digestion
3️⃣ Assimilation
4️⃣ Excretion
5️⃣ Respiration
What does the formula
G
P
P
=
GPP =
GPP
=
T
o
t
a
l
C
O
2
F
i
x
e
d
b
y
P
h
o
t
o
s
y
n
t
h
e
s
i
s
Total CO₂ Fixed by Photosynthesis
T
o
t
a
lC
O
2
F
i
x
e
d
b
y
P
h
o
t
osy
n
t
h
es
i
s
represent?
Gross Primary Productivity
Productivity in ecology measures the rate at which energy is converted into
organic
matter.
Match the productivity type with its description:
GPP ↔️ Total energy captured by photosynthesis
NPP ↔️ Energy stored after respiration
Why does a rainforest have a high GPP but a lower NPP?
Energy used for respiration
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) is the total amount of energy captured by
plants
Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is calculated by subtracting respiration losses from
GPP
.
What are the key processes involved in secondary productivity?
Feeding, digestion, assimilation
In the primary productivity process, plants convert sunlight into organic matter and
oxygen
Secondary productivity results in
biomass
gain by consumers.
What are the two main types of productivity in ecosystems?
Primary and secondary
Primary productivity uses sunlight as its main energy
source
Photosynthesis is the key process in
primary productivity
.
What are the outputs of primary productivity?
Organic matter, oxygen
Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the total amount of energy captured by
plants
Productivity in ecology refers to the rate at which energy is converted into
organic matter
What does Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) measure?
Energy captured by photosynthesis
Net Primary Productivity (
NPP
) accounts for respiration losses.
NPP is calculated by subtracting plant
respiration
from GPP.
Why might a rainforest have a high GPP but a lower NPP?
Plants use energy for respiration
Understanding productivity helps in assessing
ecosystem health
.
Secondary productivity measures the rate at which consumers convert organic matter into their own
biomass
Match the productivity type with its key process:
Primary ↔️ Photosynthesis
Secondary ↔️ Digestion
How does light intensity affect primary productivity?
Increases GPP until saturation
Optimal temperature for photosynthesis is the same for all plant species.
False
Nitrogen and phosphorus are examples of nutrients crucial for primary
productivity
Arrange the factors affecting primary productivity based on their importance for photosynthesis.
1️⃣ Light intensity
2️⃣ Water availability
3️⃣ Nutrient availability
4️⃣ Temperature
Drought conditions reduce
primary productivity
.
Increased light intensity enhances primary productivity until it reaches
saturation
Drought conditions can significantly reduce
primary productivity
.
Nitrogen and phosphorus are examples of nutrients vital for plant
growth
Arrange the factors affecting primary productivity from most positive to most negative impact.
1️⃣ Optimal temperature
2️⃣ Sufficient water availability
3️⃣ Increased light intensity
4️⃣ Drought conditions
5️⃣ Nutrient deficiency
Drought reduces
Gross Primary Productivity
(GPP).
Nutrient deficiency limits Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) if
deficient
In a rainforest, nutrient availability can limit GPP due to
rapid
nutrient cycling.
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) measures the total amount of energy captured by plants through
photosynthesis
What is the formula for Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?
N
P
P
=
NPP =
NPP
=
G
P
P
−
R
e
s
p
i
r
a
t
i
o
n
GPP - Respiration
GPP
−
R
es
p
i
r
a
t
i
o
n
A rainforest has a high GPP but a lower NPP due to energy loss from
respiration
.
Secondary productivity measures the rate at which consumers convert organic matter into their own
biomass
See all 74 cards
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