Cards (57)

    • What does information processing refer to in the context of memory?
      Acquire, store, and retrieve information
    • Steps in the information processing model of memory
      1️⃣ Encoding
      2️⃣ Storage
      3️⃣ Retrieval
    • Encoding involves converting sensory information into a format that can be stored in memory.
    • Encoding involves processes such as attention, association, and categorization
    • Sensory memory is the initial stage of memory that captures brief impressions from our senses.
    • What is the duration of information in sensory memory?
      Seconds or milliseconds
    • The two types of sensory memory are iconic memory for visual information and echoic memory for auditory
    • Short-term memory (STM) has a limited capacity of about 7 items (+/- 2).
    • What is the duration of information in STM without rehearsal?
      15-30 seconds
    • Compared to STM, long-term memory (LTM) has an unlimited capacity
    • What is the capacity of short-term memory (STM)?
      7 +/- 2 items
    • The duration of STM is approximately 15-30 seconds
    • Rehearsal can prolong the stay of information in STM.
    • What are the four main components of working memory?
      Phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive, episodic buffer
    • The phonological loop stores verbal and auditory information briefly for processing
    • What type of data does the visuospatial sketchpad process?
      Visual and spatial data
    • The central executive manages attention and allocates resources among working memory components.
    • Stages of information processing in memory
      1️⃣ Encoding
      2️⃣ Storage
      3️⃣ Retrieval
    • What is encoding in information processing?
      Converting sensory information
    • Storage involves retaining information over time
    • Retrieval is the process of bringing stored information back into conscious awareness.
    • What are the three main stages of memory in information processing?
      Encoding, storage, retrieval
    • Match the stage of memory with its key activity:
      Encoding ↔️ Attention
      Storage ↔️ Rehearsal
      Retrieval ↔️ Recognition
    • Sensory memory is crucial for attention and perception
    • What is the duration of sensory memory?
      Seconds or milliseconds
    • Sensory memory has a large but temporary capacity.
    • Match the type of sensory memory with its description:
      Iconic memory ↔️ Visual information
      Echoic memory ↔️ Auditory information
    • Short-term memory has a limited capacity of about 7 items (+/- 2).
    • What is the approximate duration of short-term memory without rehearsal?
      15-30 seconds
    • Rehearsal allows information to stay longer in short-term memory.
    • Working memory consists of four main components.
    • Match the working memory component with its function:
      Phonological Loop ↔️ Stores and processes words
      Visuospatial Sketchpad ↔️ Creates and manipulates visual images
      Central Executive ↔️ Manages attention and resources
      Episodic Buffer ↔️ Integrates information from other components
    • What is the role of the central executive in working memory?
      Manages attention and resources
    • Long-term memory has a limited capacity.
      False
    • Long-term memory stores information for periods ranging from minutes to a lifetime.
    • What are the two main types of explicit memory?
      Semantic and Episodic
    • Implicit memory involves conscious recall of facts and events.
      False
    • Arrange the flow of information through memory stages according to the information processing model:
      1️⃣ Sensory Memory
      2️⃣ Short-Term Memory
      3️⃣ Long-Term Memory
    • Sensory memory captures brief sensory impressions.
    • What is the purpose of rehearsal in short-term memory?
      Extends retention