1.4.1 Strategies to Support Development

• What is the main focus of Willingham's Learning Theory?

  Cognitive development in children
• Practice is essential for developing skills
• Which two cognitive processes are vital for learning according to Willingham's theory?

  Memory and attention
• Development is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
• What type of strategies can be taught to support learning according to Willingham's theory?

  Learning strategies
• Match the principle of Willingham's Learning Theory with its description:

  Factual Knowledge ↔️ Essential for problem-solving

  Practice ↔️ Develops skills through repetition

  Memory & Attention ↔️ Critical for effective learning

  Genetic & Environmental Factors ↔️ Influence cognitive development
• Arrange the principles of Willingham's Learning Theory in order of their importance for effective learning:

  1️⃣ Factual Knowledge

  2️⃣ Practice

  3️⃣ Memory & Attention

  4️⃣ Genetic & Environmental Factors

  5️⃣ Learning Strategies
• Practice develops skills through repetition
• What are the three core principles of Willingham's Learning Theory according to the summary?

  Factual knowledge, practice, memory
• Willingham's Learning Theory focuses on cognitive development in children
• What is factual knowledge essential for according to Willingham's theory?

  Problem-solving
• Memory and attention are critical for effective learning
• Genetic and environmental factors influence cognitive development.
• What can be taught to aid cognitive development according to Willingham's theory?

  Learning strategies
• Core principles of Willingham's Learning Theory in sequential order

  1️⃣ Factual knowledge is essential for problem-solving

  2️⃣ Practice develops skills through repetition

  3️⃣ Memory and attention are critical for effective learning

  4️⃣ Genetic and environmental factors influence cognitive development

  5️⃣ Learning strategies can be taught to aid development
• According to Willingham's theory, intrinsic motivation arises from personal interest and enjoyment
• What does cognitive load refer to according to Willingham's theory?

  Mental effort
• Intrinsic cognitive load is inherent in the complexity of the subject matter.
• Match the type of cognitive load with its description:

  Intrinsic ↔️ Complexity inherent in the subject matter

  Extraneous ↔️ Mental load from poorly designed instruction

  Germane ↔️ Mental effort to organize information
• Optimal cognitive load occurs when the sum of intrinsic and germane load matches the student's capacity
• What is crucial for effective learning according to Willingham's theory?

  Knowledge
• Practice is essential for developing skills according to Willingham's theory.
• Memory and attention must be engaged for deep understanding
• What are the two main types of motivation according to Willingham's theory?

  Intrinsic and extrinsic
• Intrinsic motivation arises from external rewards.

  False
• Intrinsic cognitive load can be managed by dividing content into smaller chunks
• What type of practice enhances learning efficiency according to Willingham's theory?

  Spaced repetition
• Match the type of feedback with its description:

  Positive Feedback ↔️ Praises correct actions

  Corrective Feedback ↔️ Identifies errors
• Corrective feedback helps learners improve technique by identifying errors.
• Spaced repetition involves reviewing information at increasing intervals
• What does retrieval practice enhance according to Willingham's theory?

  Retention and understanding
• Using both spaced repetition and retrieval practice improves long-term memory.
• Strategies for creating engaging and motivating learning experiences in sequential order

  1️⃣ Connect to prior knowledge

  2️⃣ Set clear learning objectives

  3️⃣ Incorporate active learning

  4️⃣ Offer choices

  5️⃣ Provide feedback

  6️⃣ Create a positive learning environment
• Connecting new material to prior knowledge increases student engagement
• What type of motivation arises from external rewards according to Willingham's theory?

  Extrinsic motivation