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Topic 6: Immunity, Infection and Forensics
6.3 Vaccination and Immunity
6.3.2 Vaccination Strategies
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Vaccination strategies aim to achieve herd immunity or protect individuals from diseases.
herd immunity
Match the vaccination strategy with its description:
Ring vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate around an outbreak
Mass vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate a large population
Targeted vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate specific groups
Ring vaccination is used during a widespread pandemic to achieve herd immunity quickly.
False
What is an example of a vaccination strategy that targets a large population?
Mass vaccination
An annual flu vaccination campaign is an example of a mass vaccination strategy.
mass vaccination
What specific group is targeted in the HPV vaccination strategy?
Teenagers
Order the types of vaccination strategies from most targeted to least targeted:
1️⃣ Ring vaccination
2️⃣ Mass vaccination
3️⃣ Targeted vaccination
Mass vaccination aims to achieve herd immunity by vaccinating a
majority
of the population.
Match the vaccine type with its description:
Inactivated vaccines ↔️ Use killed pathogens or parts
Live attenuated vaccines ↔️ Use weakened pathogens
Subunit vaccines ↔️ Contain specific antigens
Inactivated vaccines stimulate an antibody response without causing disease.
disease
Which type of vaccine uses weakened pathogens to stimulate a strong immune response?
Live attenuated
mRNA vaccines stimulate both humoral and
cellular
immune responses.
Match the vaccine type with its example:
Inactivated vaccines ↔️ Influenza vaccine
Live attenuated vaccines ↔️ Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine
mRNA vaccines ↔️ COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna)
What type of response does the inactivated influenza vaccine stimulate in the body?
Antibody production
Inactivated vaccines use killed pathogens or parts of pathogens to stimulate an
antibody
response.
What is the main difference between active and passive immunity?
Antibody source
Active immunity provides long-term protection because the body produces its own
antibodies
.
The measles vaccine provides
active
immunity.
What is the basic reproduction number denoted by?
R
0
R_{0}
R
0
Herd immunity protects
unvaccinated
individuals by reducing disease spread.
What are the three main types of vaccination strategies?
Ring, mass, targeted
Ring vaccination involves vaccinating individuals around an
outbreak
to prevent spread.
Match the vaccination strategy with its description:
Ring Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate around an outbreak
Mass Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate a large population
Targeted Vaccination ↔️ Vaccinate specific groups
Which vaccination strategy is used during annual flu vaccination campaigns?
Mass vaccination
Passive immunity provides immediate but
temporary
protection.
Breast milk provides newborns with
passive
immunity.
What value of
R
0
R_{0}
R
0
indicates that herd immunity is achieved?
R_{0} < 1</latex>
Unvaccinated individuals are protected indirectly through
herd immunity
.
What are some key challenges in vaccine development?
Cost, storage, delivery
Ultra-cold storage requirements for vaccines present logistical challenges in
remote
areas.
Arrange the factors affecting vaccine effectiveness in a logical sequence:
1️⃣ Vaccine type
2️⃣ Strain matching
3️⃣ Individual immune response
Which type of vaccine often provides stronger immunity?
Live attenuated vaccines
Mismatched strains in vaccines can reduce their
effectiveness
.
Some individuals may not mount a sufficient immune response to
vaccines
.
Vaccine effectiveness is influenced by several factors, including vaccine type, strain matching, and individual immune
response
Live attenuated vaccines often provide stronger immunity compared to
inactivated vaccines
.
Match the factor with its impact on vaccine effectiveness:
Vaccine Type ↔️ Live attenuated vaccines provide stronger immunity
Strain Matching ↔️ Mismatched strains reduce effectiveness
Individual Immune Response ↔️ Variability can affect immunity levels
The effectiveness of the flu vaccine varies annually based on how well it matches the circulating flu
strains
Vaccination strategies are methods to achieve
herd immunity
.
Order the three main types of vaccination strategies:
1️⃣ Ring Vaccination
2️⃣ Mass Vaccination
3️⃣ Targeted Vaccination
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