7.2.2 Development of Self-Esteem

• Someone with high self-esteem is likely to feel confident and capable.
• Match the factor influencing self-esteem with its impact:

  Parental Influence ↔️ Builds confidence

  Peer Relationships ↔️ Enhances belonging

  Media Influence ↔️ Lowers self-perception

  Success and Achievements ↔️ Reinforces competence
• Self-esteem refers to an individual's overall evaluation of their own worth or value
• The developmental stages of self-esteem include infancy/early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, and adulthood
• Order the developmental stages of self-esteem from youngest to oldest:

  1️⃣ Infancy/Early Childhood

  2️⃣ Middle Childhood

  3️⃣ Adolescence

  4️⃣ Adulthood
• During infancy/early childhood, parental approval builds initial self-worth
• Self-esteem fluctuations are common during adolescence due to body image and social acceptance.
• Individualistic cultures emphasize personal achievement, while collectivistic cultures emphasize group harmony
• Collectivistic cultures foster self-esteem through social contribution and group membership.
• Parental approval during infancy builds initial self-worth
• Middle childhood self-esteem is influenced by academic performance and peer relationships.
• What is the primary factor that builds self-worth in early childhood?

  Parental praise
• In middle childhood, self-esteem is influenced by academic performance and peer relationships
• Adolescence is a period of significant self-esteem fluctuations due to social and body image concerns.
• What are the primary influences on self-esteem during adulthood?

  Life experiences
• Why are social interactions crucial for self-esteem development?

  They provide validation
• Match the social interaction with its impact on self-esteem:

  Peer Relationships ↔️ Social competence

  Family Dynamics ↔️ Security

  Community Involvement ↔️ Confidence
• A teenager in a school sports team may experience enhanced self-esteem through positive team interactions.
• What is emphasized in individualistic cultures regarding self-esteem?

  Personal achievement
• In individualistic cultures, self-esteem is based on individual capabilities
• What is the basis for self-esteem in collectivistic cultures?

  Group belonging
• Understanding cultural differences helps recognize the varied pathways to self-esteem.
• What is the influence of peer pressure on self-esteem during adolescence?

  Inadequacy
• Body image issues can negatively impact self-esteem during adolescence.
• Replacing negative thoughts with positive affirmations is an example of positive self-talk
• Developing coping skills can reduce anxiety and improve resilience.
• What is an example of engaging in self-care to improve self-esteem?

  Taking a warm bath