3.3.2 Meiosis

• What is meiosis and its purpose?

  Cell division for sexual reproduction
• During prophase I, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material via crossing over
• Order the stages of meiosis I:

  1️⃣ Prophase I

  2️⃣ Metaphase I

  3️⃣ Anaphase I

  4️⃣ Telophase I
• Four diploid daughter cells are formed at the end of meiosis II.

  False
• What contributes to genetic diversity in meiosis?

  Crossing over and independent assortment
• During metaphase I, paired chromosomes align along the metaphase plate
• Meiosis is essential for growth and repair.

  False
• Order the stages of meiosis II:

  1️⃣ Prophase II

  2️⃣ Metaphase II

  3️⃣ Anaphase II

  4️⃣ Telophase II
• What is the mechanism of crossing over in meiosis I?

  Breaks and rejoins DNA strands
• Meiosis produces daughter cells with high genetic diversity.
• During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material via crossing over
• In Prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up in a process called synapsis
• Crossing over in Prophase I involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
• In Metaphase I, homologous pairs align along the metaphase plate
• What happens to homologous pairs in Anaphase I?

  They separate and move
• Telophase I results in two haploid daughter cells.
• In Prophase II, chromosomes condense again
• Match the stage of meiosis I with its key event:

  Prophase I ↔️ Crossing over occurs

  Metaphase I ↔️ Homologous pairs align

  Anaphase I ↔️ Homologous pairs separate

  Telophase I ↔️ Two haploid cells form
• In Anaphase II, sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles
• Telophase II results in four haploid daughter cells.
• What happens to homologous chromosomes in Meiosis I?

  They separate
• Meiosis I involves one division cycle.
• Meiosis II produces four haploid daughter cells.
• Which division of meiosis results in higher genetic diversity?

  Meiosis I
• Chromosome pairing (synapsis) in meiosis I facilitates crossing over.
• What is the primary mechanism by which crossing over generates genetic variation?

  DNA exchange
• Match the feature with its process in meiosis I:

  Synapsis ↔️ Alignment of homologous chromosomes

  Crossing Over ↔️ Exchange of genetic material
• The purpose of meiosis is sexual reproduction, while the purpose of mitosis is growth and repair
• Mitosis results in diploid cells, whereas meiosis results in haploid cells.
• What is the significance of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

  Genetic diversity
• Independent assortment in meiosis creates unique gene combinations
• Stages of Meiosis I in order:

  1️⃣ Prophase I

  2️⃣ Metaphase I

  3️⃣ Anaphase I

  4️⃣ Telophase I
• Telophase II results in four haploid daughter cells.
• In Meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, while in Meiosis II, sister chromatids separate.
• What happens to homologous pairs during anaphase I of meiosis I?

  They separate and move
• At the end of telophase I, the cell divides into two haploid daughter cells
• Order the stages of meiosis II

  1️⃣ Prophase II

  2️⃣ Metaphase II

  3️⃣ Anaphase II

  4️⃣ Telophase II
• Sister chromatids separate during anaphase II of meiosis II
• What happens to homologous chromosomes in meiosis I?

  They separate
• Meiosis II results in the formation of four haploid cells