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Topic 7: The Self – What makes you who you are?
7.1 Theories of the Self
7.1.2 Trait Theory
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What is trait theory's central idea regarding personality?
Stable, consistent traits
Trait theory posits that personality is made up of stable and consistent individual characteristics known as
traits
Individuals possess a single, fixed personality trait.
False
What does the assumption of consistency in trait theory suggest about traits over time?
They are relatively stable
Individual differences in trait theory refer to the unique combination of traits each person
exhibits
Someone high in
conscientiousness
is likely organized and disciplined.
Match each Big Five trait with its definition:
Openness ↔️ Imaginative and curious
Conscientiousness ↔️ Organized and diligent
Extraversion ↔️ Sociable and outgoing
Agreeableness ↔️ Friendly and cooperative
Neuroticism ↔️ Anxious and stressed
Which trait describes how open-minded and imaginative an individual is?
Openness
Conscientiousness reflects how organized, responsible, and diligent a person
is
An extroverted
person
enjoys being the center of attention.
What behavior characterizes someone high in agreeableness?
Resolves conflicts amicably
Neuroticism measures how anxious, emotionally unstable, and self-conscious an individual
is
Order the Big Five traits from most outward-focused to most inward-focused:
1️⃣ Extraversion
2️⃣ Openness
3️⃣ Conscientiousness
4️⃣ Agreeableness
5️⃣ Neuroticism
Traits guide individuals to express
consistent
behaviors in various contexts.
What does psychodynamic theory emphasize that trait theory does not?
Unconscious processes
Humanistic theory highlights free will and self-
actualization
Social-cognitive theory integrates
environmental factors
with thought processes.
Match each theory with its emphasis:
Trait theory ↔️ Identifying and measuring traits
Psychodynamic ↔️ Unconscious motives
Humanistic ↔️ Free will and growth
Social-cognitive ↔️ Social learning and thoughts
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