2.6.1 Prenatal Testing

• What does prenatal testing help identify before birth?

  Fetal genetic abnormalities
• Amniocentesis is performed between 15-20 weeks of pregnancy and is considered a diagnostic test.
• What sample is extracted during amniocentesis?

  Amniotic fluid
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) has a higher risk of miscarriage compared to amniocentesis.
• Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) analyses fetal DNA from maternal blood.
• What is one primary purpose of prenatal testing for parents?

  Assess the likelihood of inherited conditions
• Order the prenatal tests from earliest to latest timing during pregnancy.

  1️⃣ Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT)

  2️⃣ Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

  3️⃣ Amniocentesis
• Match the prenatal test with its method:

  Amniocentesis ↔️ Extracting amniotic fluid

  Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) ↔️ Removing placental cells

  Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) ↔️ Analysing fetal DNA from maternal blood
• What are the three main types of prenatal tests?

  Amniocentesis, CVS, NIPT
• Amniocentesis involves extracting amniotic fluid
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) involves removing cells from the placenta.
• What does Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) analyze?

  Fetal DNA
• Amniocentesis is performed between 15 and 20
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) carries a slightly higher risk compared to amniocentesis.
• Order the prenatal tests by their earliest timing.

  1️⃣ CVS (10-13 weeks)

  2️⃣ NIPT (After 10 weeks)

  3️⃣ Amniocentesis (15-20 weeks)
• What is the primary purpose of prenatal testing?

  Assess genetic abnormalities
• Prenatal testing helps parents make informed decisions about their pregnancy
• What is the risk associated with CVS in terms of miscarriage?

  Slightly higher risk
• NIPT is a screening test performed after 10 weeks to assess the likelihood of genetic abnormalities.
• Why is prenatal testing performed?

  Identify genetic abnormalities
• Screening tests identify high-risk individuals, while diagnostic tests confirm or rule out specific conditions
• What does NIPT analyze in the mother's blood?

  Fetal DNA
• NIPT is non-invasive, posing no risk
• What is the accuracy rate of NIPT?

  High accuracy
• NIPT screens for genetic disorders using maternal blood
• Match the prenatal test with its key feature:

  Amniocentesis ↔️ Extracts amniotic fluid

  CVS ↔️ Removes placental cells

  NIPT ↔️ Analyses fetal DNA
• What is one decision parents can make after prenatal testing?

  Prepare for potential challenges
• What is the primary purpose of prenatal testing?

  Detect fetal genetic abnormalities
• Prenatal testing allows parents to make informed decisions about their pregnancy
• What is the purpose of prenatal testing as described in the material?

  Identify potential fetal abnormalities
• Amniocentesis is performed between 15-20 weeks of pregnancy.
• Amniocentesis diagnoses specific genetic conditions
• What is the timing for Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)?

  10-13 weeks
• CVS guides early treatment based on its diagnosis.
• When can Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) be performed?

  After 10 weeks
• NIPT is considered a low-risk method due to its non-invasive nature
• Match the prenatal test with its method:

  Amniocentesis ↔️ Extracting amniotic fluid

  CVS ↔️ Removing placental cells

  NIPT ↔️ Analyzing fetal DNA in maternal blood
• What are the three main types of prenatal tests?

  Amniocentesis, CVS, NIPT
• Amniocentesis and CVS are diagnostic tests.
• What is the purpose of screening tests in prenatal care?

  Identify high-risk individuals