1.3.2 Disaccharides

    Cards (42)

    • What type of reaction forms a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?
      Condensation reaction
    • Maltose is composed of two glucose molecules.
    • Which monosaccharides form sucrose?
      Glucose and fructose
    • Lactose is found in milk and dairy products.
    • What is released during the formation of a glycosidic bond?
      Water
    • Match the disaccharide with its composition:
      Maltose ↔️ Glucose + Glucose
      Sucrose ↔️ Glucose + Fructose
      Lactose ↔️ Glucose + Galactose
    • The formation of maltose from glucose is represented as: Glucose+Glucose +GlucoseMaltose+ Glucose \rightarrow Maltose +H2O H_{2}O.H_{2}O
    • Common disaccharides include maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
    • The glycosidic bond is formed through a condensation reaction.
    • What are the two main types of glycosidic bonds?
      α\alpha and β\beta
    • Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar due to the absence of reactive aldehyde or ketone groups.
    • Disaccharides are formed when a water molecule (H2OH_{2}O) is eliminated.
    • Which type of reaction forms a glycosidic bond?
      Condensation
    • There are two main types of glycosidic bonds: α\alpha and β\beta.
    • What is a glycosidic bond?
      A covalent bond
    • A glycosidic bond forms through a condensation reaction, where a water molecule is eliminated
    • Steps involved in the formation of a glycosidic bond
      1️⃣ Two monosaccharides align
      2️⃣ A condensation reaction occurs
      3️⃣ A water molecule is eliminated
      4️⃣ The glycosidic bond forms
    • Glycosidic bonds link monosaccharides to form polysaccharides.
    • Which carbon atoms are linked in an α\alpha-glycosidic bond?

      C1 and C4
    • An example of a disaccharide formed by an α\alpha-glycosidic bond is maltose
    • Which type of glycosidic bond links glucose and galactose in lactose?
      β(14)\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)
    • Sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose linked by an α(12)\alpha(1 \rightarrow 2) glycosidic bond.
    • Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar because it lacks free aldehyde or ketone groups.
    • Which two monosaccharides form lactose?
      Glucose and galactose
    • Lactose is a reducing sugar due to the free aldehyde group in glucose.
    • Maltose is composed of two glucose molecules linked by an α(14)\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4) glycosidic bond, making it a reducing sugar.
    • Match the disaccharide with its monosaccharide composition and glycosidic bond type:
      Sucrose ↔️ Glucose + Fructose, α(12)\alpha(1 \rightarrow 2)
      Lactose ↔️ Glucose + Galactose, β(14)\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)
      Maltose ↔️ Glucose + Glucose, α(14)\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)
    • Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by an α(14)\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4) glycosidic bond
    • Maltose acts as a reducing sugar due to the presence of a free aldehyde group.
    • Steps in the formation of a disaccharide through a condensation reaction
      1️⃣ Two monosaccharides join together
      2️⃣ A glycosidic bond forms
      3️⃣ A water molecule is eliminated
    • Match each disaccharide with its composition:
      Maltose ↔️ Glucose + Glucose
      Sucrose ↔️ Glucose + Fructose
      Lactose ↔️ Glucose + Galactose
    • Disaccharides are formed through a condensation reaction.
    • What is a glycosidic bond?
      Covalent bond linking monosaccharides
    • There are two main types of glycosidic bonds: α\alpha and β\beta bonds
    • Sucrose is composed of glucose and fructose linked by an \alpha(1 \rightarrow2)</latex> glycosidic bond.
    • What is lactose composed of?
      Glucose and galactose
    • Lactose is composed of glucose and galactose linked by a \beta(1 \rightarrow 4)</latex> glycosidic bond
    • Maltose is a reducing sugar due to a free aldehyde group.
    • What is the process called where a disaccharide is broken down into monosaccharides by adding water?
      Hydrolysis
    • Match each disaccharide with its enzyme and products:
      Maltose ↔️ Maltase → Glucose + Glucose
      Sucrose ↔️ Sucrase → Glucose + Fructose
      Lactose ↔️ Lactase → Glucose + Galactose