2.4.1 Types of Intermolecular Forces

• What are intermolecular forces?

  Forces between molecules
• Intermolecular forces are stronger than bonds within molecules.

  False
• Match the force type with its relative strength:

  Covalent Bonds ↔️ Strong

  Intermolecular Forces ↔️ Weak
• What physical properties are influenced by intermolecular forces?

  Boiling points and viscosity
• Intermolecular forces are weaker than bonds within molecules
• What are the three main types of intermolecular forces?

  London Dispersion, Dipole-Dipole, Hydrogen
• Between what molecules do London Dispersion Forces act?

  All molecules
• London Dispersion Forces arise from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution
• Dipole-Dipole Forces are stronger than London Dispersion Forces.
• What molecules must be present for hydrogen bonding to occur?

  H bonded to O, N, or F
• Hydrogen bonding involves strong attraction between a hydrogen atom and a lone pair of electrons on an electronegative atom
• What type of intermolecular force acts between all molecules and is the weakest?

  London Dispersion Forces
• What type of intermolecular force acts only between polar molecules and is moderate in strength?

  Dipole-Dipole Forces
• Hydrogen bonds are the strongest type of intermolecular force.
• What creates temporary dipoles in London Dispersion Forces?

  Electron fluctuations
• What is the strength of London Dispersion Forces proportional to?

  $\frac{1}{r^{6}}$
• London Dispersion Forces arise from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution
• London Dispersion Forces are the strongest type of intermolecular force.

  False
• Match the type of intermolecular force with its relative strength:

  London Dispersion ↔️ Weakest

  Dipole-Dipole ↔️ Moderate

  Hydrogen Bonds ↔️ Strongest
• What type of intermolecular force acts between all molecules, whether polar or nonpolar?

  London Dispersion Forces
• London Dispersion Forces arise from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution
• London Dispersion Forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force.
• What type of molecules can form hydrogen bonds?

  Molecules with H bonded to O, N, or F
• Intermolecular forces are weaker than bonds within molecules
• Match the type of force with its description:

  Covalent Bonds ↔️ Forces within molecules

  Intermolecular Forces ↔️ Forces between molecules
• The strength of London Dispersion Forces is inversely proportional to the sixth power of the distance between molecules.
• What are the three main types of intermolecular forces?

  London Dispersion, Dipole-Dipole, Hydrogen Bonds
• Order the intermolecular forces from weakest to strongest:

  1️⃣ London Dispersion Forces

  2️⃣ Dipole-Dipole Forces

  3️⃣ Hydrogen Bonds
• What causes London Dispersion Forces in all molecules?

  Temporary fluctuations in electron distribution
• London Dispersion Forces are present in both polar and nonpolar molecules.
• Dipole-Dipole Forces occur between polar molecules with permanent dipoles
• What type of attraction causes dipole-dipole forces?

  Attraction between permanent dipoles
• Dipole-Dipole Forces are stronger than London Dispersion Forces.
• Under what conditions does hydrogen bonding occur?

  H bonded to O, N, or F
• Hydrogen bonding involves a hydrogen atom and a lone pair of electrons on an electronegative atom
• Hydrogen bonds are stronger than dipole-dipole forces but weaker than London Dispersion Forces.

  False
• Which intermolecular force is the strongest?

  Hydrogen Bonds