17.1.2 Psychological Dependence

• What are the three main characteristics of psychological dependence?

  Cravings, obsessive thoughts, desire
• Expectancy theory in psychological dependence suggests individuals anticipate positive outcomes from substance use
• Cognitive distortions involve rational thought patterns that minimize the harmful effects of addiction.

  False
• What negative emotions often drive individuals to seek relief through addictive behaviors?

  Stress, anxiety, depression
• Steps involved in the emotional response cycle of psychological dependence

  1️⃣ Emotional triggers

  2️⃣ Cravings

  3️⃣ Reinforcement
• Match the characteristic with the type of dependence:

  Withdrawal symptoms ↔️ Physical dependence

  Obsessive thoughts ↔️ Psychological dependence
• What is the primary focus of psychological dependence?

  Mental and emotional well-being
• Psychological dependence is characterized by cravings and obsessive thoughts
• Withdrawal symptoms are a characteristic of psychological dependence.

  False
• What are cognitive distortions in psychological dependence?

  Irrational thought patterns
• Match the emotional factor with its explanation:

  Cravings ↔️ Intense urges for emotional relief

  Emotional triggers ↔️ Events causing negative emotions

  Reinforcement ↔️ Positive emotions after the behavior
• What type of emotions do emotional triggers induce in psychological dependence?

  Negative emotions
• Emotional triggers are events that cause negative emotions
• Cravings are intense urges for emotional relief
• Reinforcement in psychological dependence refers to positive emotions experienced after a behavior.
• What is an example of an emotional trigger in psychological dependence?

  Facing work stress
• What is an example of a craving in psychological dependence?

  Desire for a cigarette
• Feeling relaxed after consuming alcohol is an example of reinforcement
• Describe the cycle of emotional triggers, cravings, and reinforcement in psychological dependence.

  Stress leads to cravings, which are relieved by behavior, reinforcing the cycle
• Match the behavioral manifestation with its description:

  Compulsive use ↔️ Excessive engagement despite harm

  Social isolation ↔️ Avoiding interactions for addiction

  Neglecting responsibilities ↔️ Failing to fulfill obligations
• What is the primary difference between psychological and physical dependence?

  Psychological dependence involves mental reliance, while physical dependence involves bodily reliance
• Physical dependence is characterized by withdrawal symptoms
• What are the two primary characteristics of psychological dependence?

  Cravings and obsessive thoughts
• Provide an example of psychological dependence related to coffee.

  Feeling unable to focus without it
• Explain how FOMO can illustrate psychological dependence.

  Checking phone constantly due to fear of missing out
• FOMO, or fear of missing out, illustrates psychological dependence
• Psychological dependence is characterized by cravings and obsessive thoughts.
• Psychological dependence involves a belief in the need for a substance or behavior for mental and emotional well-being
• Match the substance/behavior with its characteristic:

  Coffee ↔️ Cravings

  Social Media ↔️ Obsessive thoughts
• Obsessive thoughts are a characteristic of psychological dependence.
• Checking a phone constantly due to FOMO illustrates psychological dependence
• Match the substance/behavior with its characteristic:

  Coffee ↔️ Cravings

  Social Media ↔️ Obsessive thoughts

  Substance use ↔️ Needing a drink to cope with stress
• Psychological dependence involves both cravings and obsessive thoughts.
• Steps in the emotional process of psychological dependence:

  1️⃣ Emotional triggers

  2️⃣ Cravings

  3️⃣ Reinforcement
• Match the emotional factor with its explanation:

  Emotional Triggers ↔️ Events causing negative emotions

  Cravings ↔️ Intense urges for emotional relief

  Reinforcement ↔️ Positive emotions after addictive behavior
• One behavioral manifestation of psychological dependence is compulsive use
• Psychological dependence involves cravings, while physical dependence results in withdrawal symptoms.