Cards (45)

    • What do cognitive explanations of offending behavior focus on?
      How offenders think
    • Hostile attribution bias involves interpreting others' actions as aggressive.
    • Minimalisation is the process of downplaying the seriousness of one's actions
    • What are cognitive distortions systematic errors in?
      Thinking
    • Moral disengagement allows individuals to detach their behavior from moral considerations.
    • Match the cognitive distortion with its effect on offending behavior:
      Minimalisation ↔️ Reduces guilt, increases reoffending
      Denial ↔️ Eliminates guilt, facilitates continued offenses
    • What type of distortions do cognitive explanations suggest lead to offending behavior?
      Faulty thinking
    • Hostile attribution bias is the tendency to interpret others' actions as aggressive or threatening
    • Minimalisation reduces feelings of guilt, increasing reoffending likelihood.
    • What cognitive distortion is demonstrated when John assumes he was intentionally bumped in a bar?
      Hostile attribution bias
    • Moral disengagement involves detaching behavior from moral considerations.
    • Minimalisation reduces guilt by downplaying the seriousness of one's actions
    • What does hostile attribution bias increase the risk of?
      Offending behavior
    • Match the cause of hostile attribution bias with its description:
      Early abuse ↔️ Experiences of violence during childhood
      Violent media ↔️ Exposure to aggressive content
      Cognitive impairments ↔️ Difficulties in social perception
    • Cognitive restructuring helps offenders modify faulty thinking patterns.
    • What is Hostile Attribution Bias?
      Interpreting others' actions as aggressive
    • Cognitive Restructuring helps offenders modify their faulty thinking patterns
    • Steps in Cognitive Restructuring for offenders
      1️⃣ Identify negative thought patterns
      2️⃣ Challenge these thoughts
      3️⃣ Replace negative thoughts
      4️⃣ Apply new thought patterns
    • Cognitive Restructuring reduces aggression and impulsivity in offenders.
    • What is the key benefit of Cognitive Restructuring?
      Lower reoffending risk
    • An example of applying Cognitive Restructuring involves questioning the assumption that everyone is out to get you
    • Cognitive distortions are caused by faulty thinking and lead to offending behavior.
    • What is Minimalisation in cognitive distortions?
      Downplaying the seriousness of actions
    • Match the cognitive distortion with its effect on offending behavior:
      Hostile Attribution Bias ↔️ Provokes violent reactions
      Minimalisation ↔️ Reduces guilt, increasing reoffending likelihood
    • What is the effect of Minimalisation on offending behavior?
      Reduces guilt
    • A person with Hostile Attribution Bias might react violently after being bumped in a bar due to misinterpreting the action as aggressive.
    • Cognitive distortions are systematic errors in thinking
    • Match the cognitive distortion with its definition:
      Hostile Attribution Bias ↔️ Interpreting actions as aggressive
      Minimalisation ↔️ Downplaying seriousness of actions
      Moral Disengagement ↔️ Detaching behavior from moral considerations
    • What is Moral Disengagement in cognitive distortions?
      Detaching behavior from moral considerations
    • Hostile Attribution Bias can provoke violent reactions in offenders.
    • Minimalisation reduces guilt, which increases the likelihood of reoffending
    • Hostile Attribution Bias involves interpreting others' actions as aggressive or threatening
    • What is the effect of minimalization on offending behavior?
      Reduces guilt, reoffending likely
    • Moral disengagement involves detaching behavior from moral considerations.
    • Cognitive distortions are systematic errors in thinking
    • Match the cognitive distortion with its definition:
      Hostile Attribution Bias ↔️ Interpreting others' actions as aggressive
      Minimalisation ↔️ Downplaying the seriousness of actions
    • What is the effect of moral disengagement on offending behavior?
      Justifies immoral acts, reduces guilt
    • Steps involved in cognitive restructuring
      1️⃣ Identify negative thought patterns
      2️⃣ Challenge these thoughts
      3️⃣ Replace negative thoughts
      4️⃣ Apply new thought patterns
    • Cognitive restructuring is a therapeutic approach to modify faulty thinking patterns
    • What does Kohlberg's pre-conventional stage focus on?
      Obedience and punishment avoidance