2.5.2 Key Provisions

• The Magna Carta was created in 1215 due to a combination of political, economic, and social grievances
• Match the grievance with its description:

  Political Grievances ↔️ King John's autocratic rule and heavy taxation

  Economic Grievances ↔️ High feudal dues and arbitrary levies

  Social Grievances ↔️ Injustices in the legal system and denial of basic rights
• The Magna Carta was signed at Runnymede by King John under pressure from the barons.
• One of the central liberties secured by the Magna Carta was the freedom of the church
• What formula is used to calculate feudal dues under the feudal system?

  $Feudal Dues =$$Land Value *$$Due Rate$
• The feudal system defined the rights and obligations between lords and vassals in medieval England.
• What key principles did the Magna Carta introduce to the justice system in England?

  Fair trials and due process
• Under the feudal system, land was held in exchange for military and other services
• Match the role with its rights and obligations:

  Lords ↔️ Control over land and resources

  Vassals ↔️ Land usage and protection
• What does "Feudal Dues" refer to in the context of the feudal system?

  Payments by vassals to lords
• The formula for calculating feudal dues is Feudal Dues = Land Value * Due Rate.
• The feudal system impacted the distribution of political power between the king and the barons.
• What were two key principles introduced by the Magna Carta to improve the justice system in England?

  Fair trials and due process
• The Magna Carta addressed key issues in the justice system by establishing fair trials, guaranteeing legal representation, and placing limits on royal power.
• Before the Magna Carta, trials were often based on arbitrary royal judgment.
• What type of trial was guaranteed after the Magna Carta?

  Trial by peers
• The Magna Carta ensured that excessive fines were replaced with fines proportional to the severity of the offense.
• The Magna Carta significantly curtailed the king's authority in areas such as taxation, legal authority, and land control.
• Match the royal power before and after the Magna Carta:

  Taxation before ↔️ Arbitrary levies without baron consent

  Taxation after ↔️ Taxation only with baron consent

  Legal Authority before ↔️ Unrestricted power to impose sentences

  Legal Authority after ↔️ Legal decisions subject to due process
• Order the grievances that led to the Magna Carta:

  1️⃣ King John's autocratic rule alienated barons

  2️⃣ High feudal dues strained baronial finances

  3️⃣ Injustices and denial of basic rights fueled discontent
• Where was the Magna Carta demanded by the barons?

  Runnymede
• The Magna Carta ensured the freedom of the church from royal interference.
• The feudal system structured the relationship between lords and their vassals.
• What was one obligation of lords in the feudal system?

  Protection of vassals
• What was one right of vassals in the feudal system?

  Land usage and protection
• Feudal dues were calculated using the formula: Land Value * Due Rate.
• After the Magna Carta, fair trials were guaranteed by trial by peers.
• The Magna Carta limited the king's authority in areas such as taxation, legal authority, and land control.
• What was required for taxation after the Magna Carta?

  Baronial consent
• One of the grievances addressed by the Magna Carta was arbitrary feudal dues.
• The enforcement mechanisms of the Magna Carta included a Council of 25 barons.
• What could barons do if the king breached the Magna Carta?

  Seize royal property
• The Magna Carta established constitutional limits on royal authority.
• What modern legal principle is influenced by the Magna Carta?

  Due process