12.1.1 Positive Symptoms

Cards (27)

  • Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by distorted thinking, hallucinations, delusions, and impaired emotional and social functioning
  • According to the DSM-5, an individual must exhibit at least two symptoms for a significant portion of at least one month to be diagnosed with schizophrenia.
  • What are hallucinations in the context of schizophrenia?
    Sensory experiences without external stimuli
  • According to the DSM-5, at least one symptom for diagnosing schizophrenia must be delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized thinking
  • What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
    Excess or distortion of normal behavior
  • Persecutory delusions involve the belief that one is being plotted against.
  • Hallucinations can occur in various forms, including auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory
  • Match the type of disorganized thinking with its manifestation:
    Loose associations ↔️ Switching topics unrelatedly
    Neologisms ↔️ Creating new words
    Clang association ↔️ Grouping words by sound
  • What is grossly disorganized behavior in schizophrenia?
    Odd or purposeless actions
  • According to the DSM-5, to be diagnosed with schizophrenia, an individual must exhibit at least two symptoms for a significant portion of at least one month
  • What are delusions in the context of schizophrenia?
    False beliefs held firmly
  • Hallucinations are sensory experiences without external stimuli
  • Disorganized thinking in schizophrenia is characterized by coherent and structured thoughts.
    False
  • What is grossly disorganized behavior in schizophrenia?
    Odd or purposeless actions
  • Each of these symptoms can significantly impair an individual's ability to function
  • Positive symptoms of schizophrenia add to or distort normal behavior.
  • Delusions in schizophrenia may lead to fear, paranoia, and social isolation
  • Hallucinations can cause distress, confusion, and difficulty concentrating.
  • What type of dysfunction do positive symptoms contribute to?
    Social and occupational
  • Delusions are false beliefs that are firmly held despite contradictory evidence
  • Hallucinations are sensory experiences without external stimuli.
  • Match the clinical example with its corresponding positive symptom:
    Delusions ↔️ Believing they are a historical figure
    Hallucinations ↔️ Hearing voices to harm themselves
    Disorganized thinking ↔️ Rapidly switching unrelated topics
    Grossly disorganized behavior ↔️ Engaging in aimless movements
  • What is an example of disorganized thinking observed in a clinical setting?
    Rambling conversation
  • Grossly disorganized behavior can include repetitive, aimless movements.
  • A patient with schizophrenia may believe they have superpowers, which is an example of a delusion
  • What type of sensory experience is hearing voices that criticize or command a patient?
    Hallucination
  • Positive symptoms of schizophrenia can manifest in real-life scenarios.